【正文】 ensor technology, solid state technology, microelectronic technology, puting technology and other disciplines, the sensor of a high precision, low drive, high reliability, low power consumption, small space occupation, light weight and fast response to the new micro electronic mechanical system will be in the world show. The future war is the electronic information warfare, one of its important features is to steal and steal information. Tanks, artillery and other likely quit the stage of history. Na no sensor can also be dressed as leaves, straw, ants, flies, by airdrop method into the desired place, constitute a distributed sensor work, is used to collect intelligence. Take photos, hacking, puter viruses, causing enemy lethargy. It was also predicted, can form a nano machine worm forces of every hue, with nanometer weapon, in nanoscale motor drive, to perform various specific tasks. Chemical sensor is very important in the production of industry and agriculture, home security, environmental monitoring, energy, health care and other fields, demand will be more and more urgent. The focus of future development of chemical sensor is miniaturized, intelligent, 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） —— 外文文獻原稿和譯文 6 multifunctional. The working principle of indepth study of anic, inanic biological class of chemical sensors, improve sensitive material function design capability, flexible use of micromachining technology, sensitive film modified technology, microelectronic technology, many kinds of technology of optical fiber technology, biological engineering technology, integration, performance of the sensor optimization. Application of bionics, sensors, puting sciences as biomimetic sensors has made significant progress, biosensor is interdisciplinary science, it focuses on health care, environment detection, clothing and food industry demand. Environmental protection bees more widespread attention. At present our country sensor first user metallurgical industry, for the 100 kinds of special high added value sensor almost all rely on imports (such as ladle temperature sensor). From the energysaving, environmental protection, improve the analysis of automobile safety and fort aspects, will have a larger market demand. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） —— 外文文獻原稿和譯文 7 譯 文 傳感器技術(shù) 傳感器是新技術(shù)革命和信息社會的重要技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) ,是現(xiàn)代科技的開路先 鋒 。美、日、英、法、德等國都把傳感器技術(shù)列為國家重點開發(fā)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。日本對開發(fā)和利用傳 感器技術(shù)相當重視并列為國家重點發(fā)展 6 大核心技術(shù)之一。如果說計算機是人類大腦的擴展 ,那么傳感器就是人類五官的延伸 ， 當集成電路、計算機技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展時 ， 人們才逐 步認識信息攝取裝置 —— 傳感器沒有跟上信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展而驚呼 “ 大腦發(fā)達、五官不靈 “ 。另一條是以日本為代表的側(cè)重實用化和商品化 ,先普及后提高 ,由引進、消化、仿制到自行改進設(shè)計創(chuàng)新的路子。 2．對傳感器技術(shù)開發(fā)十分重視 ： 例如美國霍尼威爾公司的固態(tài)傳感器發(fā)展中心每年用于設(shè)備投資就 有 5000 萬美元 ,目前擁有包括計算機輔助設(shè)計、單晶生長、加工、圖形發(fā)生器 ,對步重復(fù)照像、自動涂膠和光刻、等離子刻蝕、濺射、擴散、外延、蒸鍍、離子注入化學(xué)氣相沉積、掃描電鏡、封裝和屏蔽動態(tài)測試等最先進的成套設(shè)備和生產(chǎn)線 ,而且是大約每三年左右就要更新其中大部分儀器 設(shè)備 ,聲稱只有這樣 ,才能保證其技術(shù)領(lǐng)先水平。這種敏感針是如何制作的 ,工藝屬于保密 ,可申請專利保護。如性能全面檢測、壽命試驗 ,失效分析、各種規(guī)律性誤差測定與補償 ,并且把各種數(shù)據(jù)建庫（有生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)、批次、時間、檢驗標定數(shù)據(jù)、實驗數(shù)據(jù)、用戶反饋數(shù)據(jù)等） ,體現(xiàn)出一種大公司嚴格的全面質(zhì)量管理體系 ,從而大大增加廠產(chǎn)品自身的生命力和競爭力。 當今傳感器技術(shù)發(fā)展大體經(jīng)歷了以下四個階段： (1)結(jié)構(gòu)型傳感器例如應(yīng)變式位移計 。 (4)分子型傳 感器 ,它是利用竹子的構(gòu)形和構(gòu)象以及由此而表現(xiàn)出電磁現(xiàn)象為理論基而制作的。 有人預(yù)計未來對世紀分子傳感器時代即將到來。 多傳感器信息融合技術(shù)。 未來的戰(zhàn)爭是電子信息戰(zhàn) ,其重要特征之一 就是竊取和反竊取情報。也有人預(yù)測 ,可以組建一支納米機器蟲部隊、懷揣形形色色的納米級武器 ,在納米級馬達驅(qū)動下 ,去執(zhí)行各種特殊任務(wù)。 應(yīng)用仿生學(xué)、傳感器學(xué)、計算科學(xué)聯(lián)理作為仿生傳感器取得了重大進展 ,生物傳感器是跨學(xué)科的科學(xué) ,它著眼于保健、環(huán)境、衣業(yè)和食品工業(yè)的檢測的需求。 。目前我國傳感器