【正文】 成因 .................................. 10 防治措施 .............................. 10 結(jié) 論 .............................................. 11 致 謝 .............................................. 11 參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................ 12 前 言 混凝土是一種由砂石骨料、水泥、水及其他外加劑按一定的比例攪拌、運(yùn)輸、振搗、養(yǎng)護(hù)等工序制成的一種建筑材料?；炷恋馁|(zhì)量好壞，影響建筑產(chǎn)品的安全和降低使用時(shí)間。在本文中主要重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明混泥土裂縫產(chǎn)生的原因及分析，采取措施幾處理方法，預(yù)防施工在麻面、蜂窩、尺寸偏差、裂縫等質(zhì)量的講解。其中任何一環(huán)施工的好與壞都將直接影響混泥土的質(zhì)量等級(jí)。 一．混凝土裂縫產(chǎn)生原因及防治處理措施 混凝土裂縫產(chǎn)生現(xiàn)象 混泥土表面裂縫走向無(wú)規(guī)律，梁板式或長(zhǎng)度尺寸較大的結(jié)構(gòu)，裂縫多平行于短邊，裂縫寬度一般在 一下。允許存在一定的裂縫，既裂縫寬度控制在一定范圍內(nèi)是允許的。氣溫的降低也會(huì)在混泥土表面引起拉應(yīng)力當(dāng)這些拉應(yīng)力超出混泥土的抗裂能力時(shí)，既會(huì)出現(xiàn)裂縫。其中 “預(yù)防為主”，應(yīng)是安全工作的重中之重。冬季應(yīng)適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)保溫和脫模時(shí)間，使緩慢降溫，以防溫度驟變，溫差過(guò)大引起裂縫。①加強(qiáng)混凝土早期養(yǎng)護(hù) ,澆筑完的混凝土 要及時(shí)養(yǎng)護(hù) ,防止干縮 ,冬季施工期間要及時(shí)覆蓋養(yǎng)護(hù) ,防止冷縮裂縫產(chǎn)生 。當(dāng)裂縫較細(xì) ,數(shù)量不多時(shí) ,可將裂縫用水沖洗后 ,用水泥漿抹補(bǔ) 。因此根據(jù)裂縫的性質(zhì)和具體情況我們要區(qū)別對(duì)待、及時(shí)處理，以保證建筑物的安全使用。 灌漿、嵌逢封堵法 灌漿法主要適用于對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)整體性有影響或有防滲要求的混凝土裂縫的修補(bǔ)，它是利用壓力設(shè)備將膠結(jié)材料壓入混凝土的裂縫中，膠結(jié)材料硬化后與混凝土形成一個(gè)整體，從而起到封堵加固的目的。 結(jié)構(gòu)加固法 當(dāng)裂縫影響到混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的性能時(shí)，就要考慮采取加固法對(duì)混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行處理。 電化學(xué)防護(hù)法 電化學(xué)防腐是利用施加電場(chǎng) 在介質(zhì)中的電化學(xué)作用，改變混凝土或鋼筋混凝土所處的環(huán)境狀態(tài)，鈍化鋼筋，以達(dá)到防腐的目的。 三．混凝土其它缺陷 9 麻面 成因 模板表面粗糙或粘附水泥漿渣等雜物未清理于凈 ,拆模時(shí)混凝土表面被粘壞 ?；炷琳駬v不實(shí) , 氣泡未排出 ,停在模板表面形成麻點(diǎn)。 蜂窩 成因 混凝土配合比不當(dāng)或砂、石、水泥材料加水量計(jì)量不準(zhǔn) ,造成砂漿少、石子多 。模板縫隙未堵嚴(yán) ,水泥漿流失 。應(yīng)分層下料 ,分層振搗 ,防止漏振，模板應(yīng)堵塞嚴(yán)密 ,澆灌時(shí) , 應(yīng)隨時(shí)檢查模板支撐防止漏漿。 防治措施 1．施工前認(rèn)真進(jìn)行圖紙會(huì)審和技術(shù)交底 ,嚴(yán)格施工測(cè)量放線的程序 ,做到放線與復(fù)核相結(jié)合。 結(jié) 論 通過(guò)對(duì)混凝土 凝土質(zhì)量缺陷的研究，它的危害性和處理方法有存在的不穩(wěn)定，得出一下結(jié)論： ，且以防為主。離別在即，站在人生的又一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)上，心中難免思緒萬(wàn)千，一種感恩之情油然而生。沒(méi)有你們就不會(huì)有我的今天。在三年的大學(xué)時(shí)光里，徐老師不僅在學(xué)業(yè)上給我以悉心指導(dǎo)，同時(shí)還在思想、生活上給我以無(wú)微不至的關(guān)懷，在此謹(jǐn)向徐老師致以誠(chéng)摯的感謝！ 感謝施管 2022 級(jí)的同學(xué)們。s Zhangye city during their journey to Kazakhstan, May 5, 2022. The caravan, consisting of more than 100 camels, three horsedrawn carriages and four support vehicles, started the trip from Jingyang county in Shaanxi on Sept 19, 2022. It will pass through Gansu province and Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, and finally arrive in Almaty, formerly known as AlmaAta, the largest city in Kazakhstan, and Dungan in Zhambyl province. The trip will cover about 15,000 kilometers and take the caravan more than one year to plete. The caravan is expected to return to Jingyang in March 2022. Then they will e back, carrying specialty products from Kazakhstan A small art troupe founded six decades ago has grown into a household name in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. In the 1950s, Ulan Muqir Art Troupe was created by nine young musicians, who toured remote villages on horses and performed traditional Mongolian music and dances for nomadic families. The 54yearold was born in Tongliao, in eastern Inner Mongolia and joined the troupe in says there are 74 branch troupes across Inner Mongolia and actors give around 100 shows every year to local nomadic people. I can still recall the days when I toured with the troupe in the early 39。t just about sharing art with nomadic families but also about gaining inspiration for the music and dance. Ulan Muqir literally translates as red burgeon, and today39。s president, who is also a renowned tenor, tells China Daily. During a tour in 1985, he went to a village and met an elderly local man, who told him a story about his friendship with a solider from Shenyang, capital of Northeast China39。s to e and recapping the key points. This device, not used in the original, is culturally understandable but artistically mediocre. What puzzles me is the two new songs for the opening and end credits. They were written in English, but sung by Chinese with an unfortable accent. They were obviously designed to appeal to an Englishspeaking base, but do not jibe with the Chinese dialogue. Speaking of the dialogue, the English translation, picked apart by some Chinese, is too literal for my taste. I can imagine a typical American hit by a flurry of royal ranks, addresses and greetings, even multiple names and titles for the same person. The first half hour must be a swamp to wade through, very much like my experience of getting through a Tolstoy tome w