浙江大學(xué)肖忠華語(yǔ)料庫(kù)corpuslingu(1)-wenkub
2023-05-21 23:58:28 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 s in real munication context ? Even expert speakers have prejudices and preferences and every language has cultural connotations and underlying ideology – A corpus can give you more objective evidence Why use corpora? ? Even expert speakers are not always available to be consulted – A corpus can be made permanently accessible to all ? Even expert speakers cannot keep up with language change – A constantly updated corpus can reflect even recent changes in the language ? Even expert speakers lack authority: they can be challenged by other expert speakers – A corpus can enpass the actual language use of many expert speakers Intuitions as an alternative ? Intuitions are always useful in linguistics – To invent (grammatical, ungrammatical, or questionable) example sentences for linguistic analysis – To make judgments about the acceptability / grammaticality or meaning of an expression – To help with categorization Intuitions as an alternative ? Intuitions should be applied with caution – Possibly biased as they are likely to be influenced by one?s dialect or sociolect – Introspective data is artificial and may not represent typical language use as one is consciously monitoring one?s language production – Introspective data is decontextualized because it exists in the analyst?s mind rather than in any real linguistic context – Intuitions are not observable and verifiable by everyone as corpora are – Excessive reliance on intuitions blinds the analyst to the realities of language usage because we tend to notice the unusual but overlook the monplace – There are areas in linguistics where intuitions cannot be used reliably . language variation, historical linguistics, register and style, first and second language acquisition – Human beings have only the vaguest notion of the frequency of a construct or a word Benefits of corpus data ? Corpus data is more reliable – A corpus pools together linguistic intuitions of a range of language speakers, which offsets the potential biases in intuitions of individual speakers ? Corpus data is more natural – It is used in real munications instead of being invented specifically for linguistic analysis ? Corpus data is contextualized – Attested language use which has already occurred in real linguistic context ? Corpus data is quantitative – Corpora can provide frequencies and statistics readily ? Corpus data can find differences that intuitions alone cannot perceive – . synonyms totally, absolutely, utterly, pletely, entirely Corpora vs. intuitions ? Not necessarily antagonistic, but rather corroborate each other and can be gainfully viewed as being plementary – Armchair linguists and corpus linguists “need each other. Or better, […] the two kinds of linguists, wherever possible, should exist in the same body.” (Fillmore 1992) – “Neither the corpus linguist of the 1950s, who rejected intuitions, nor the general linguist of the 1960s, who rejected corpus data, was able to achieve the interaction of data coverage and the insight that characterize the many successful corpus analyses of recent years.” (Leech 1991) ? The key to using corpus data is to find the balance between the use of corpus data and the use of one?s intuitions The corpus methodology ? It is debatable whether CL is a methodology or a branch of linguistics – CL goes well beyond this methodological role and has bee an independent discipline ? In spite of the name, CL is indeed a methodology rat
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