【正文】 月 25 日 六、設(shè)計(jì)（論文）指導(dǎo)（或顧問）： 指導(dǎo)教師 簽名 簽名 簽名 教研室主任 〔 學(xué)科組組長研究所所長 〕 簽名 系主任 簽名 2020 年 11 月 12 日 III 摘 要 當(dāng)今世界，現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展，日新月異。大批的數(shù)控機(jī)床正如雨后春筍般進(jìn)軍機(jī)械制造業(yè)。s world, modern industrial technology are rapidly developing with each passing day. In the field of machinery manufacturing, people are increasingly high requirements for the quality, accuracy and efficiency of the machine parts. Therefore, for a machine with a new generation of machined parts is also increasing. In this trend, driven by CNC machine tools transform the structure optimization design bees very significant. A large number of CNC machine tools just mushroomed into the machinery manufacturing industry. Such as CNC engraving machine plays an important role in the field of mold, PCB circuit board, and advertising signs. In this paper, surveys and studies have been done of the fixed beam CNC engraving machine CNC machine tools development at home and abroad as well as its outlook for manufacturing in the future, and the structure of the CNC machine to do the research and design optimization, the overall layout design machine main drive system design (the electric spindle or motor directly connected to the transmission structure), machine tool feed motion systems (rail and ball screw) structural design, the ball screw calculation of selection and check the bearing and motor the calculation and selection, and finally the use of CAD drawing software to draw the general assembly drawing of the machine, some parts diagram and structure diagram. Key words: CNC engraving and milling machine； spindle； rail； ball screw V 目 錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................III ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................. IV 目 錄 .............................................................................................................................................V 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 數(shù)控雕刻技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生 .......................................................................................................... 1 本課題研究的內(nèi)容及意義 .................................................................................................. 1 國內(nèi)外研究狀況及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .......................................................................................... 1 雕 刻 機(jī)機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo) .............................................................................. 4 2 雕 刻 機(jī)總體布局方案設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 5 數(shù)控雕 刻 機(jī)布局要求及影響因素 ...................................................................................... 5 數(shù)控雕 刻 機(jī)總體結(jié)構(gòu)布局 .................................................................................................. 6 數(shù)控雕 刻 機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的改良對(duì)比 .............................................................................................. 7 工作臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 9 本章小結(jié) ............................................................................................................................ 10 3 主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的 方案設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 11 主運(yùn)動(dòng)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 11 電主軸 ................................................................................................................................ 12 電主軸的介紹 ........................................................................................................... 12 電主軸的結(jié)構(gòu)及其優(yōu)點(diǎn) ........................................................................................... 12 電主軸的安裝 ........................................................................................................... 14 本章小結(jié) ............................................................................................................................ 14 4 機(jī)床進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 15 進(jìn)給傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)選擇 ............................................................................................................ 15 進(jìn)給傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的要求 ............................................................................................... 15 進(jìn)給傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的基本形式 ....................................................................................... 15 以上幾種傳動(dòng)方案的簡介和比較 ........................................................................... 15 滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................................... 17 滾珠絲杠副的選擇 ................................................................................................... 17 滾珠絲杠支承結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................... 17 支承軸承的選擇 ....................................................................................................... 19 滾珠絲杠副的制動(dòng)裝置 ........................................................................................... 19 步進(jìn)電機(jī)與進(jìn)給絲杠的聯(lián)結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................... 19 滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌的安裝定位 ....................................................................