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successful languages simplify or automate tedious tasks that previously had to be done by hand. Some offer new techniques that allow old problems to be tackled more effectively, or on a larger scale than before. How much difference C can make to you will depend on your programming background, of course, so it’s worth considering what sorts of people the language designers had in mind when they created C. C is aimed at developers working on the Windows platform, and its syntax is instantly familiar to users of C or C++, or other languages that draw from the same tradition, such as JavaScript and Java. Fundamental language elements such as statements, expressions, function declarations, and flow control are modeled as closely as possible on their equivalents in C family languages. A familiar syntax is not enough of a reason to pick a language, of course, so C offers productivityenhancing features not found in some of its predecessors. Garbage collection frees developers from the tyranny of mon memory management problems such as memory leaks and circular references. Verifiable type safety of piled code rules out a wide range of bugs and potential security flaws. While C or C++ Windows developers may not be accustomed to those features, they will seem old hat to Java veterans, but Java has nothing to pete with the “LINQ” features C offers for working with collections of information, whether in object models, XML documents, or databases. Integrating code from external ponents is remarkably painless, even those written in other languages. C also incorporates support for functional programming, a powerful feature previously most monly seen in academic languages. Many of the most useful features available to C developers e from the .NET Framework, which provides the runtime environment and libraries for C, and all other .NET languages, such as . C was designed for .NET, and one of the main benefits of its close relationship with the .NET Framework is that working with framework features such as the class library feels very natural. The .NET Framework Class Library Working in C means more than using just the languagethe classes offered by the .NET Framework are an extremely important part of the C developer’s everyday experience (and they account for a lot of this book’s content). Most of the library functionality falls into one of three categories: utility features written in .NET, wrappers around Windows functionality, and frameworks. The first group prises utility types such as dictionaries, lists, and other collection classes, as well as string manipulation facilities such as a regular expression engine. There are also features that operate on a slightly larger scale, such as the object models for representing XML documents. Some library features are wrappers around underlying OS functionality. For example, there are classes for accessing the filesystem, and for using work features such as sockets. And there are classes for writing output to the console, which we can illustrate with the obligatory first example of any programming language book, shown in Example 11. Example 11. The inevitable “Hello, world” example class Program { static void Main(){ (Hello, world)。 dynamic docProperties = 。 很容易看清楚操作的順序 —— 打開文件,獲取屬性,檢索 Author 屬性的值并且關閉該文件。 原因很不讓人愉快因為辦公編程模型是為動態(tài)語言而設計的,為了能在運行的時候填補很多細節(jié)。 object saveChanges = false。 Type docPropType = ()。 object missing = 。 話雖這么說,一個主題團結(jié)在第 4 版的新的語言特性:它們支持動態(tài)規(guī)劃,特別注重了對某些互操作性方案簡單。 C# NET 4 和 Visual Studio 2020 由于 C#有利于通用的語言功能設計要與一個組成另外,它往往不使個別新功能來形容自己的感覺。 Java 使得前不成比例比后者更難。還有一個開源項目稱為單使。然而,如果你需要使用一個第三方組件或功能的操作系統(tǒng)目前還沒有。 NET 框架積極擁抱 Windows 平臺上,而 Java超出其隔離方式從底層的操作系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。 連續(xù)性和 windows 生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 沒有成功的軟件開發(fā)平臺純粹是對自己的優(yōu)點上下文事項。 如果你是一個 Java 開發(fā)人員,這一切聽起來相當 熟悉,剛剛替補字節(jié)碼 IL 和故事非常相似。其他包括安全模型,考慮到代碼的起源而不是僅僅發(fā)生運行代碼的用戶的身份 。 如 CPU 的獨立有趣的可能是在實踐中,最 有用的方面的管理代碼和 IL。 托管編譯器不產(chǎn)生原始的可執(zhí)行代碼。 你以前工作時依賴什么語言,語言很大程度上依賴于運行這個想法 似乎完全自然或有些令人不安。 NET 編碼錯誤。 托管代碼 .NET Framework 提供更多的不僅僅是一個類庫。 這一理念的一個 突出的例子就是在 C中證明原型的一個功能,但最終剩下的只有:XML 文本。 } 顯而易見 , C#不知道任何有關 SQL 或數(shù)據(jù)庫 的內(nèi)容 。 從表面上看,這似乎添加類似 SQL 的查詢語言功能,提供了一個自然的方式融入你的代碼數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問。最在選擇之間的這些明顯的因素是, 有人更容易學習熟悉 Visual Basic 語法,而 C#將是一個熟悉的人更容易 C 類語言。擅長復雜的計算和算法,有一些特點,可以幫助并行執(zhí)行。 F# 的奇特之處就 在這里。它是原生 的 。比如說你能用標準的 C++集合一個或者多個 .NET 類庫中的類么?在本地 .NET 語言中,這些問題并不 會出現(xiàn)。與C++相比,它支持原始語言的 .NET 的擴展。事實上,支持多種語言一直是 .NET Framwork 的一個主要特點,這體現(xiàn)在它運行環(huán)境引擎的名字上 —— CLR 或者叫通用語言運行環(huán)境。同樣,框架通常需要整合與相關服務為例,雖然在一定程度上的 Windows 窗體 UI 框架有其自身獨特的 API,很多的基本功能是所提供的 Win32 組件。并不是所有框架都是關于用戶界面的,例如 Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)是專為在網(wǎng)絡上訪問其他計算機系統(tǒng) 建立服務而設計的?!?Hello, world” 示例 class Program { static void Main(){ (Hello, world)。也有一些處理稍大規(guī)模的功能,例如對象模型,代表 XML 文檔。 C是為 .NET 設計的,他們之間關系如此密切的一個主要好處是與框架功能的合作,就像類庫一樣感覺很自然。但是 C 或 C++的 windows 開發(fā)人員可能不習慣這些功能,他們覺得這是 Java 淘汰下來的舊帽子,但是無論在對象模型, XML 或者數(shù)據(jù)庫中, Java 都沒有任何東西能夠媲美 C為搜集信息工作所提供的“ LINQ” 功能?;菊Z言元素如語句、表達式、函數(shù)聲明和流量控制,盡量與 C 家族語言接近。許多成功的編程語言都簡化或者自動化了以前要靠繁瑣的步驟才能完成的任務。因此,在本章中,我們將要了解 C建立一個什么樣的問題解決機制。它廣泛的應用于網(wǎng)站服務器端以及 windows 桌面應用程序的客戶端和服務器上。 08 屆本科畢業(yè)設計 (論文 )外文 文獻翻譯 學 院: 計算機科學與工程學院 專 業(yè): 網(wǎng)絡工程 姓 名: XX XX 學 號: 090208205 外文出處: Programming C 附 件: ; 。你可以用 C編寫智能手機的用戶界面和 Xbox 360 游戲。因此,我們將探討這種語言的風格,并且通過各個方面來區(qū)別 C與其他語言。有些提供新技 術,使得老問題可以比以前更加有效或者在更大的規(guī)模上得到解決。 當然,一個熟悉的語法這個理由并不足夠來選擇一個語法,所以 C提供了一個生產(chǎn)增強特性,這個特性在它之前的語言中并沒有。即使用其他語言編寫,從外部原件集成代碼也是非常痛苦的。 .NET Framwork 類庫 在 C中工作是指比語言用到的更多 —— .NET Framwo