【正文】 濟南大學機械學院 畢 業(yè) 設 計 題 目 小型路面積雪清掃機的結(jié)構(gòu)設計 專 業(yè) 機械設計制造及其自動化 班 級 機設 0902 學 生 學 號 202130062023 指導教師 二〇一三 年 五 月 四 日 II 摘 要 我國北方冬天時間較長，降雪量大，道路積雪堆積多，尤其是車輛不經(jīng)常行走的小區(qū)內(nèi)，如果不及時的清除積雪，將嚴重影響交通安全，給人們?nèi)粘Ｉ顜碇T多不便。因此，研發(fā)多功能的掃雪機，有很重要的實用、使用價值，更對國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展起到推動作用。 本論文在分析了目前國內(nèi)國外的主要除雪方法的基礎上，提出了一種適合中國國情的小型路面機械清雪車的設計方案，并對其進行了理論分析和具體結(jié)構(gòu)的設計分析，為國內(nèi)以后生產(chǎn)該種掃雪車提供了完整的技術(shù)參考資料。 本論文首先進行分析研究了路面上壓實積 雪的物理性能，并查閱參考了目前的國內(nèi)外有關(guān)該設備的大量資料，再次，在已有成果的基礎上，進行設計計算以及機構(gòu)創(chuàng)新。 此次設計掃雪車的原理是，由原動機提供動力，經(jīng)過鏈傳動將動力傳遞給輸出軸，輸出軸帶動拋雪葉輪高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，利用離心力將雪拋出。同時利用減速器來減速帶動攪龍傳動軸和螺旋攪龍葉片旋轉(zhuǎn)實現(xiàn)集雪作業(yè)。其他的動力由變速器傳輸給車輪軸帶動掃雪機前進，實現(xiàn)清雪工作。 本論文對小型路面機械清雪車進行了深入的分析，并進一步完善了此機構(gòu)，設計出此種掃雪設備。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：掃雪車 螺旋集雪 離心揚雪 III Abstract Winter lasts for a long time in the cold areas of northern China． A great amount of snow falls there each year． Therefore． if the accumulated snow cannot be removed and cleaned in time,it will severely affect the safety of the transportation and bring out a lot， of inconveniences to the people’s daily life． The manufacture of the multi— functional snowmoving machine will be found of important and practical value in forming good transportation and hygiene environment in winter． After analyzing the various means of snowclearings in the world at present, the project of a sort of mini snowblower fit for China is put forward in this paper. Based on the theory study and applied structural design, the threedimensional solid model , which can offer an entire technical data and engineering drawings for producing factory. This paper first analyse the physical and mechanical properties of snow paction on the road, then access to a lot of information about this equipment at home and abroad. Design calculations and institutional innovation is based on the result which has been researched. All this information has provided an important theoretical basis for the design calculations and institutional innovate in this paper. Overpass the research and analysis of mini Snowblower nowadays,we realize that the equipment nowadays can carry out the functions of collecting,carrying and throwing there are some disadvantages,for e example, the manipulation is dismodiousness,the efficiency of snow removing is low. Refering to the foundation of the academic researches nowadays, contraposing the deficiency of mini Snowblower , we devise a type of mini Snowblower which with impeller and twist collect height of handrail can be acmodated. Manipulations get more plete set of banausic structures are brought magnitude of this equipment is moderate. Manipulation is convenience. Appearance is beautiful. Snowblower is deeply reseached and consummated in this paper. Mini Snowblower is designed. Keyword： SnowRemove Machine HelixCollect snow Community throwing snow IV 目 錄 摘要 ……………………………………………… ..…… .… .……… .................…… ..... .....II ABSTRACT… ………… .…………………… ..……… ......................................… .… ........III 1 前言 ……… .……………………………………… .................................……… ...… .......1 選題的意義 .............................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外 研究現(xiàn)狀 ...................................................................................................1 掃雪機分類 ..........………………………….….. ..… ..................… ..……… ..........1 設計的任務 .............................................................................................................2 2 路面積雪特性的研究 ...........… .… ..… .……… ....… .........................................................3 積雪的物理性質(zhì) … …………………… .................…………… ..............................3 雪的密度 …………………………… .……… .…… … .......… ......................3 雪的硬度 …………………………… .… ......…………… ...........................4 雪的摩擦系數(shù) …………………………… .… … ..…… … ........… .................4 3 小型清雪機設計方案的分析比較 .…………… ....…… ...................................................5 總體方案及其 比較 ..................................................................................................5 小型清雪機的工作原理 ..........................................................................................5 原動機的選擇和具體的實施方式 .........................................................................6 4 小型清雪機的設計計算和校核 ......................................................................................10 鏈傳動的計算 .......................................................................................................10 變速器的齒輪計算 ...............................................................................................11 傳動軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設計和校核 .................................................