【正文】 I 摘 要 機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過程是從原材料開始到成品出廠的全部勞動過程。它包括了毛坯的制造，零件的機(jī)械加工和熱處理，機(jī)器的裝配、檢驗(yàn)、測試、和涂裝等過程。機(jī)械加工工藝是實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，節(jié)約能源，降低消耗的重要手段，是生產(chǎn)中最活躍的因素。它既是構(gòu)思和想法，又是實(shí)在的方法和手段，并落實(shí)在由工件、機(jī)床、夾具所構(gòu)成的工藝系統(tǒng)中。在制定工藝過程中，要確定各工序的安裝工位和該工序需要的工步，加工該工序所需的機(jī)床，進(jìn)給量，切削深度，主軸轉(zhuǎn)速和切削速度，該工序的夾具，刀具及量具，還有走刀次數(shù)和走刀長度，最后計(jì)算該工 序的基本時間，輔助時間和工作地服務(wù)時間。夾具是機(jī)床上裝夾工件的一種裝置，使工件相對于機(jī)床和刀具有一個正確的位置，并在加工過程中保持該位置不變。 從開始的下料到最后的合格品，共包括 8道工序，經(jīng)過 4 個工種（車、銑、鉆等） ,還有許多的準(zhǔn)備工作，例如零件材料選用，繪制 CAD 零件圖，車刀、鏜刀、銑刀的選用，機(jī)床的選用。在制定加工路線時，充分考慮零件機(jī)構(gòu)的獨(dú)特性，對零件的裝夾定位方式、加工基準(zhǔn)的選擇和加工順序的安排都有較高的要求，經(jīng)過請教和反復(fù)論證 我最終優(yōu)化、確定了零件的加工工藝路線。 在部分工序上，針對零件的工藝特 點(diǎn)和加工精度要求，對零件的孔和外形加工工序采用了立式加工中心數(shù)控加工，編制了加工程序（后有附錄）。并對加工工藝進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，針對加工零件的難度大，不易加工，加工步驟多，精度要求高，設(shè)計(jì)了專用的卡具，有利于加工和精度的保證。 經(jīng)過幾個周的努力，感謝在老師和同學(xué)們的幫助下，同時運(yùn)用在工廠的實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)順利完成了這個畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，同時又算是把大學(xué)時光所學(xué)的相關(guān)知識作了一個復(fù)習(xí)吧。 關(guān)鍵詞： 軸承座 工序 數(shù)控 感謝 II Abstract The mechanical production process from raw materials to finished product all the labor process. It includes blank manufacturing, machining and heat treatment of parts, machine assembly, inspection, testing, and coating process. Machining process is to achieve product design, product quality assurance, save energy, reduce consumption of the important means, is the most active factor of production. It is not only the concepts and ideas, and ways and means of the truth, and implement in the process system posed of machine tool, workpiece, fixture. In the development process, to determine the installation position of each process and the process need the labor step, processing the required process machine, feed rate, depth of cut, and cutting speed spindle speed, the process of the fixture, tool and measuring, and walk the knife cutting the number and length of time, finally calculate the basic procedures, work time and support to business hours. The fixture is a device for machine tool clamping workpiece, the workpiece relative to the tool and the tool has a correct position, and keep in the process of the position. From the beginning of the next expected qualified last, including a total of 8 processes, after 4 types (cars, milling, drilling, etc.), there are many preparations, such as parts material selection, drawing CAD parts diagram, selection of turning, boring, milling cutter, machine tool selection. In the development of processing route, fully consider the uniqueness of parts of the body, the parts of the clamping and locating method, machining datum selection and processing sequence arrangement have higher requirements, through the consult and repeated demonstration, I finally optimization process to determine the parts. In the part of the operation, according to the process characteristics of the parts and machining precision of parts, and the shape of the holes machining process using CNC vertical machining center, machining program. (after the appendix). And the machining process was analyzed in detail, the parts of the processing difficulty is big, not easy processing, processing steps, high precision, is designed with a special fixture, to ensure the accuracy of processing and. After a few weeks of hard work, thanks to the help of the teacher and classmates, also used in the factory internship experience successfully pleted the graduation design, also is the knowledge of the university time for a review. Key words： Bearing block Processes Numerical control Thank 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................. I Abstract ................................................. II 引 言 ................................................ 1 1 零件的工藝性分析 ........................................ 2 零件的材料和結(jié)構(gòu)分析 .............................................. 2 零件精度 和基準(zhǔn)的分析 .............................................. 3 2 刀具的選擇 .............................................. 6 刀具材料 .......................................................... 6 刀具的結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................ 6 刀具類型 .......................................................... 6 刀具長度的選擇 .................................................... 6 幾何參數(shù)包括以下內(nèi)容 .............................................. 7 刀具半徑 .......................................................... 7 3 量具的使用 .............................................. 7 測量方法 .......................................................... 8 量具類型 .......................................................... 8