【正文】 第一篇：過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的用法比較過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的用法比較 由于過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（包括being ＋過(guò)去分詞和having been＋過(guò)去分詞）都含有“被動(dòng)”的意思，許多同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)用的過(guò)程中對(duì)這兩種語(yǔ)法形式理解得不透徹，在應(yīng)用中感到模棱兩可，很容易出錯(cuò)。比如：a．The job done，we left the office．b．The job being done，we left the office．同樣是作狀語(yǔ)，a句用的是過(guò)去分詞，b句用的是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。有些同學(xué)會(huì)問(wèn)：到底哪一句正確呢？其實(shí)a、b兩句話都正確。具體地講，過(guò)去分詞常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，一般有被動(dòng)的含義；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（being ＋過(guò)去分詞）一般表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，若強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，可用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（having been ＋過(guò)去分詞）。過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以通用，有時(shí)又有區(qū)別。在下列兩種情況下兩者可以通用：1．作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞與having been ＋過(guò)去分詞（其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）可以通用。例如：Having been discussed many times，the problem was settled at last．Discussed many times，the problem was settled at last．（經(jīng)過(guò)多次討論，這個(gè)問(wèn)題最后終于得到解決。）Having been cooked to a light brown color，the cake smells good．Cooked to a light brown color，the cake smells good．（當(dāng)?shù)案夂婵境蓽\棕色的時(shí)候，聞起來(lái)很香。）2．作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞與being ＋過(guò)去分詞可以通用。例如：Being confined to bed，she needs to be waited on everything．Confined to bed，she needs to be waited on everything．（由于她臥病在床，什么事都需要人伺候。）Being done in a hurry，his paper was full of mistakes．Done in a hurry，his paper was full of mistakes．（由于是匆忙完成的，他的試卷滿(mǎn)是錯(cuò)誤。）過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主要區(qū)別在于：1．過(guò)去分詞可以作前置定語(yǔ)，但現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)不能作前置定語(yǔ)。如：可以說(shuō)：a broken glass（碎玻璃）； an uninvited guest（不速之客）；a moved audience（被感動(dòng)的觀眾）；但不可以說(shuō)：a being broken glass；a being uninvited guest；a being moved audience。2．作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)過(guò)去分詞常表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，或者只表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而“being ＋過(guò)去分詞”表示該被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作差不多同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：a．The problem，discussed at yesterday39。s meeting，was settled at last．（昨天會(huì)上討論的那個(gè)問(wèn)題最后終于得到解決。）b．The problem being discussed now is difficult to settle．（正在討論的這個(gè)問(wèn)題很難解決。）如果誤用這兩種形式，在造句或閱讀中就會(huì)發(fā)生邏輯錯(cuò)誤或是文理不通。3．在構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作已完成，現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：I39。ve never heard the word used in spoken English．（我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)這個(gè)詞用在口語(yǔ)中。）You39。ll find the topic being discussed everywhere。（你會(huì)聽(tīng)到到處都在討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。）第二篇：現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)完成式和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別專(zhuān)題現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)完成式和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別山東濟(jì)南 王亮*** having been done它只能做狀語(yǔ),不能做后置定語(yǔ)(這一點(diǎn)樓主千萬(wàn)要注意)它做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)/主謂的關(guān)系,而完成形式是要出現(xiàn)過(guò)去分詞的,: Having graduated from university, he worked in that pany for 3 (graduate)和句子主語(yǔ)he是主動(dòng)/主謂關(guān)系,并非被動(dòng)!graduate這個(gè)動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在work之前,(短語(yǔ))做定語(yǔ),它表示的也是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,但是它和被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)/動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,: There is only one minute left conference hold yesterday was about the Beijing (短語(yǔ))做狀語(yǔ),它和句子主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)/動(dòng)賓的關(guān)系,即該動(dòng)作的賓語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ),: Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is ,不好從主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)關(guān)系上去區(qū)別,:given, generally/...speaking, judging by/from, pared with/to, considering, allowing for, supposing等等.第三篇：過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞練習(xí)題過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞練習(xí)題 looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a be putting put , a tall man driving a golden carriage _______ the girl and took her away, _______ into the 。disappeared 。disappeared 。disappearing 。disappearing cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____ in the smoke _____ money, his parents managed to send him to of in some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another wait be waiting such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the suffered suffer bell ______ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated 。interrupting 。interrupting 。interrupted 。interrupted from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine w