【正文】 湖南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 HUNAN UNIVERSITY 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 (論文 ) 設(shè)計論文題目： 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于 LEACH 算法的改進(jìn)分簇模型研究 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué)生學(xué)號： 專業(yè)班級： 學(xué)院名稱： 指導(dǎo)老師： 學(xué)院院長： 湖南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 第 I 頁 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于 LEACH 算法的改進(jìn)分簇模型研究 摘 要 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是眾多的傳感器通過無線通信的方式，相互聯(lián)系，處理、傳遞信息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。該網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合了傳感器技術(shù)、嵌入式計算技術(shù)、分布式信息處理技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)，可以實時監(jiān)測、感知和采集網(wǎng)絡(luò)分布 區(qū)域內(nèi)的各種對象的信息，并對這些信息進(jìn)行處理，傳送給所需用戶。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在軍事、工業(yè)、交通、安全、醫(yī)療、探測以及家庭和辦公環(huán)境等很多方面 都有著廣泛的用途，其研究、開發(fā)和應(yīng)用，關(guān)系到國家安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 的 各個 方面 ， 近年來在國際上引起了廣泛的重視和投入。由于外界環(huán)境的不確定性 ，經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致需要 部署 成百上千的傳感器協(xié)同工作，故對由 大量 傳感器構(gòu)成的大規(guī)模 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的研究正逐漸引起 關(guān)注，并被認(rèn)為是本世紀(jì)的一項具有挑戰(zhàn)性的研究課題。 目前 ，學(xué)術(shù)界的研究熱點主要集中在傳 感器 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 分簇算法、通信路由協(xié)議、網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋 等領(lǐng)域 。 LEACH 算法是一種典型的層次路由算法， 該算法提出了低功耗持續(xù)運行的模型。但 LEACH 算法也存在沒有考慮能量的消耗和傳感器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的問題。 本文提出了一種傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中能量有效的分簇算法，該算法在經(jīng)典的分簇算法 LEACH 的基礎(chǔ)上，通過引入平均能耗調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)和密度調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)，使得靠近簇結(jié)構(gòu)地理中心位置的節(jié)點以及位于節(jié)點密集分布區(qū)域的節(jié)點有更高機率成為簇頭。采用該算法時，傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)簇頭的選取更為合理，從而進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化了簇的結(jié)構(gòu)，均衡了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量消耗，與采用 LEACH 算法相比，傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期有一定幅度的延長。 關(guān) 鍵詞：傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)；分簇算法；平均能耗；節(jié)點密度 湖南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 第 II 頁 LEACHbased Improved clustering model Research in the Sensor Network Abstract Wireless sensor works are a kind of work which a lot of sensors interrelate, process and transmit information with each other through wireless munications. The work integrates sensor technology, embedded puting technology, distributed information processing and munication technology which can be realtime monitoring, sensing and acquisition the information of various environmental monitoring or targeting object within regional of distribution works. Such information will be processed and transmitted to the user. Wireless sensor works are widely used in military, industrial, transportation, security, medical, detection, family and office environment. The research, development and application of it relates to national security, economic development and other important fields. In recent years the wireless sensor works have been caused much attention and investment. External uncertainty environment often leads to hundreds of sensors shall be deploymented to work together, so the largescale sensor works research is gradually aroused widespread interest and considered a challenging research topic of this century. Against the above problems, the academic research mainly concentrated in the sensor clustering algorithm, munications routing protocols, work coverage and sensor data fusion technology. LEACH algorithm is a typical level routing algorithm. This algorithm put forward a continued operation of lowpower model. But LEACH algorithm did not consider the problem of energy consumption and topology of the sensor. This paper presents an energy efficient clustering algorithm in sensor work. On the basis of the classical LEACH algorithm, through the introduction of average energy consumption adjustable parameters and density adjustment parameters. The new algorithm enable the nodes which near the geographic center of the cluster structure or in the nodeintensive region has a higher probability to be a cluster head. And it also takes into account both the choice of the cluster head’s location and the size of the work, then further optimizes the structure of the cluster, balances energy consumption, elects more reasonable cluster head which makes the life cycle of sensor works has a larger extension on the basis of in LEACH algorithm. Key Words: Sensor works。 Clustering Algorithms。 The average energy consumption。 Node Density 湖南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 第 III 頁 目 錄 1. 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究背景與意義 ...........................................................................................................................................1 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ......................................................................................................................................................2 論文結(jié)構(gòu)和研究內(nèi)容 ............................................................................................................................................3 小結(jié) ................................................................................................................................................................................3 2. 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述 ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡介 ......................................................................................................................................................4 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的概念 ................................................................................................... 4 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點 ................................................................................................... 5 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的核心技術(shù) ........................................................................................... 6 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用 ................................................................................................................................................6 環(huán)境的檢測和保護(hù) ................................................................................................... 6 醫(yī)療護(hù)理 ................................................................................................................... 7 其他應(yīng)用 ................................................................................................................... 7 傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點與挑戰(zhàn) .................................................................................................................................8 小結(jié) ...............................................................................................................................................