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內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè)論文) 復(fù)雜斷面重軌在線無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) —— 利用虛擬儀器實(shí)現(xiàn)激光檢測(cè) 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 摘 要 近年來(lái),隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展, 無(wú)損檢測(cè)( NDT) 在 各個(gè) 領(lǐng)域正發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越大的作用 。 激光全息 無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法 與 其它的 NDT 方法相比 , 發(fā)展較早、技術(shù)較成熟,應(yīng)用范圍較廣,是全息干涉計(jì)量技術(shù)的重要應(yīng)用之一 。 此外,虛擬儀器( VI)技術(shù)是計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)與儀器技術(shù)深層次相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,通過(guò)應(yīng)用程序?qū)⑼ㄓ糜?jì)算機(jī)與儀器硬件結(jié)合起來(lái),用戶可通過(guò)友好圖形界面操作這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī),利用軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的分析處理、表達(dá)以及圖 形化用戶接口。 本設(shè)計(jì) 主要 是 利用 虛擬儀器實(shí)現(xiàn)激光 無(wú)損 檢測(cè)。 激光探頭 利 用 激光全息檢測(cè)技術(shù),對(duì)重軌斷面進(jìn)行檢測(cè) 并輸出 電量信號(hào) ,經(jīng) 信號(hào)處理電路處理,變成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)信號(hào)。數(shù)據(jù)采集卡采集 此 信號(hào)并轉(zhuǎn)換為計(jì)算機(jī)能處理的數(shù)字信號(hào)。通過(guò)設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)程序,數(shù)字信號(hào)進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)。在 LabVIEW 平臺(tái)下,調(diào)用 程序, 在 虛擬儀器 前面板 顯示檢測(cè)到的波形,通過(guò)分析比較 , 判斷被檢測(cè)的重軌是否存在缺陷及其受損程度,并對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行 保存 ,至此完成了對(duì)重軌的無(wú)損檢測(cè)。該系統(tǒng)集信號(hào)采集、 數(shù)據(jù)分析處理、波形顯示于一體,是一個(gè)開(kāi)放靈活的 模塊化系統(tǒng),本設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)以及工業(yè)的發(fā)展的影響意義深遠(yuǎn)。 關(guān)鍵詞: 無(wú)損檢測(cè);激光全息;重軌;虛擬儀器內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè) 設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) The Design of Online Nondestructive Testing System of Complex Crosssection Heavy Rail — — Laser Testing Base on Virtual Instrument Abstract In recent years,Nondestructive testing (NDT) technology is playing an increasingly important role in various fields with the modern industry,the scientific and the technological`s Holography Nondestructive testing methods pare with other NDT method,the development is the older,the technological is more mature,the scope of application is the broader,it is one important application of the holographic interferometry technology. In addition,Virtual Instrument (VI) technology is e from the puter technology and equipment`s deeper the application process,the general puter hardware will be bined with the can operate the pute through friendly graphical use of the software,data Analysis,expression and user interface graphically will be realized. The design is that Virtual Instrument (VI) technology finish Laser Nondestructive testing. Make use of Laser Holography Detection Technology,Laser probe tests Heavy rail section,the signal of electricity is the signal processing circuit`s processing,it will produce a standard signal. Data Acquisition acquise the signal,it is convered the digital signal,which the puter may use of the device drivers,digital signal into the LabVIEW platform, user calls the process,the detected wave will be displaied in virtual instrument the analysis and the parison,the judgement is that the detected heavy rail whether there is defects and damage,and preserve design of heavy rail`s Nondestructive testing system is system is made of signal 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè) 設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) Acquisition,data analysis and waveform is the open and flexible modular design system`s realizing,it will be have farreaching significance for the impact of the railway transport industry and the industrial development. Key words: Nondestructive Testing。Laser Holography。 Heavy rail。 Virtual Instrument 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................................ II Abstract .....................................................................................................................................III 第一章 引 言 ............................................................................................................................ 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù) ............................................................................................................. 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù)概述 ........................................................................................... 1 無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù)的方法 ....................................................................................... 2 激光全息無(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù)的地位和優(yōu)勢(shì) ........................................................... 2 虛擬儀器技術(shù)的發(fā)展、演變和前景展望 ................................................................. 3 虛擬儀器技術(shù)的演變和發(fā)展 ........................................................................... 3 虛擬儀器技術(shù)的前景展望 ............................................................................... 4 激光無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)研究的背景、目的及意義 ......................................................... 6 第二章 激光無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案及相關(guān)介紹 .......................................................... 8 激光無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ......................................................................... 8 激光及激光全息檢測(cè)技術(shù) .......................................................................................... 9 激光基本知識(shí)的介紹 ....................................................................................... 9 激光全息檢測(cè)技術(shù) ......................................................................................... 14 虛擬儀器 .................................................................................................................... 22 虛擬儀器的概念 ............................................................................................. 22 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................. 23 虛擬儀器的構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................. 23 虛擬儀器的測(cè)試系統(tǒng) ..................................................................................... 25 重軌 ............................................................................................................................ 26 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)(畢業(yè) 論文 ) 第三章 激光無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)硬件的介紹 ................................................................................ 28 激光探頭 .................................................................................................................... 28 采集系統(tǒng)硬件 ( PCI6221)的介紹 ......................................................................... 30 信號(hào)調(diào)理電路 ............................................................................................................ 31 信號(hào)放大處理 ................................................................................................. 32 信號(hào)濾波處理 ....