【正文】 XX 大學(xué) 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 0 XX 大學(xué) 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（畢業(yè)論文） 學(xué) 院（系）： XXXXXX 專(zhuān) 業(yè) ： XXXXX 學(xué) 生 姓 名 ： XXX 學(xué)號(hào)： XXXXXXX 設(shè)計(jì) (論文 )題目 ： 基于多功能 DAQ 卡的虛擬數(shù)字濾波器 設(shè)計(jì) 起 迄 日 期 : 2021 年 3 月 1 日 ~ 2021 年 6 月 20日 設(shè)計(jì) (論文 )地點(diǎn) : 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 : XXXX 專(zhuān)業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人 : XX 大學(xué) 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 I 摘 要 基于 LabVIEW 的 FIR 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì) 當(dāng)前我們正處于數(shù)字化時(shí)代，數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)受到了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，其 理論及算法隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和微電子技術(shù)的進(jìn)步得到了飛速的發(fā)展，被廣泛應(yīng)用于語(yǔ)音圖象處理、數(shù)字通信、譜分析、模式識(shí)別、自動(dòng)控制等領(lǐng)域。數(shù)字濾波器是數(shù)字信號(hào)處理中最重要的組成部分之一，幾乎出現(xiàn)在所有的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理系統(tǒng)中。設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)數(shù)字濾波器可以有助于我們更好的了解數(shù)字信號(hào)處理。 本設(shè)計(jì)所采用的軟件是美國(guó) NI 公司推出的 LabVIEW， LabVIEW是一種基于圖形化編程語(yǔ)言的開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境，具有十分強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。它為虛擬儀器設(shè)計(jì)者提供了一個(gè)便捷、輕松的設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)境，是目前應(yīng)用最廣泛的虛擬儀器開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái)軟件之一。所以，本文選取 LabVIEW作為設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)字濾波器的軟件。 數(shù)字濾波器是指有完成信號(hào)濾波處理的功能，用有限精度算法實(shí)現(xiàn)的離散時(shí)間線(xiàn)性非時(shí)變系統(tǒng)，其輸入是一組 (由模擬信號(hào)取樣和量化的 )數(shù)字量，其輸出是經(jīng)過(guò)變換的另一組數(shù)字量。相對(duì)于模擬濾波器，數(shù)字濾波器沒(méi)有漂移，能夠處理低頻信號(hào)，頻率響應(yīng)特性可做成非常接近于理想的特性。另外其精度較高，容易集成等，這些特點(diǎn)決定了數(shù)字濾波器的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 數(shù)字信號(hào)處理；數(shù)字濾波器；虛擬儀器； LabVIEW XX 大學(xué) 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 II Design of FIR Filter Based on LabVIEW Abstract Nowadays we are in the digital time, the technology of digital signal process are paid extensive attention by people. With the development of technology of puter and microelectronics, the theory and arithmetic of digital signal process develop quickly, in some areas such as digital filters which extensively used in audio and video process, digital munications, frequency analysis, autocontrol and so on. Digital filter is one of the most important part of digital signal process, which almost appeared in all digital signal process system. Designing a digital filter could help us understand digital signal process more clearly. The software used in this paper is LabVIEW. LabVIEW is a kind of software based on graphic language, it has a very strong database. It provides a convenient and relaxed designing environment for the VI designer. It is one of the most widely used software. So this paper chooses LabVIEW as designing software. Digital filter is a discrete LIT system which can acplish the signal filter using finite precision arithmetic, with a group of digital signal input (which are sampled and measured through analog signals) and another group of changed digital signal output. Digital filter is one of the important contents of digital signal process. Compared with analog filter, the digital filter hasn’t excursion, is able to process low frequency signal, the characteristic of frequency response is close to ideal value, with high precision, and easy to integrated. Digital filter will be more useful in the further.. Key Words： Digital Signal Process。 Digital Filter。 Virtual Instrument。 LabVIEW XX 大學(xué) 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 III 目錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .....................................................................................................................1 引言 ....................................................................................................................1 課題背景 ............................................................................................................1 測(cè)控技術(shù)的國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................1 虛擬儀器技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .........................................................................3 本設(shè)計(jì)所做的工作 ............................................................................................5 多通道數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................5 數(shù)字濾波器的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................6 第二章 虛擬儀器 .............................................................................................................7 虛擬儀器技術(shù)概述 ............................................................................................7 虛擬儀器的概念 .....................................................................................7 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)勢(shì) .........................................................................7 虛擬儀器和傳統(tǒng)儀器 的比較 .................................................................8 虛擬儀器測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的組成 ...................................................................10 虛擬儀器 I/O接口設(shè)備 ....................................................................... 11 虛擬儀器的軟件結(jié)構(gòu) ...........................................................................13 虛擬儀器的開(kāi)發(fā)軟件 ......................................................................................13 虛擬儀器的開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言 ...........................................................................13 圖形化虛擬儀器開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái) —— LabVIEW ..........................................14 基于 LabVIEW平臺(tái)的虛擬儀器程序設(shè)計(jì) ........................................15 第三章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)理論 ...................................................................................................17 信號(hào)采集理論 ..................................................................................................17 XX 大學(xué) 2021 屆本科畢業(yè)論文 IV 數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù)概論 ...............................................................................17 采集系統(tǒng)的一般組成及各部分功能描述 ...........................................19 傳感器 ...................................................................................................20 信號(hào)處理理論 ..................................................................................................21 按沖激響應(yīng) h(n)的長(zhǎng)度分類(lèi) ............................................................21 按有無(wú)遞歸結(jié)構(gòu)分類(lèi) ...........................................................................21 按頻域特點(diǎn)分 .......................................................................................21 按同時(shí)處理的變量的個(gè)數(shù)分 ...............................................................22 數(shù)字濾波器設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................................................................23