【正文】 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) 固定管板式換熱器的整 體設(shè) 計(jì) ON THE OVERRALL DESIGN OF FIXED TABE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER 學(xué)院（部）： 機(jī) 械 工 程 學(xué) 院 專業(yè)班級(jí)： 過(guò)控 09— 2 班 學(xué)生姓名： 指導(dǎo)老師 ： 教 授 2021 年 06 月 08 日安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) I 固定管板式換熱器設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 換熱設(shè)備在煉油、石油化工以及在其他工業(yè)中使用廣泛，它適用于冷卻、冷凝、加熱、蒸發(fā)和廢熱回收等各個(gè)方面。 固定管板式換熱器是管殼式換熱器的一種典型結(jié)構(gòu)，也是目前應(yīng)用比較廣泛的一種換熱器。這類換熱器具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、緊湊、可靠性高、適應(yīng)性廣的特點(diǎn) ,并且生產(chǎn)成本低、選用的材料范圍廣、換熱表面的清洗比較方便。固定管板式換熱器能承受較高的操作壓力和溫度，因此在高溫高壓和大型換熱器中，其占有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。 本次設(shè)計(jì)主要是針對(duì)用于煤化工工業(yè)中用 于變換氣和半水煤氣的換熱用換熱器。此次設(shè)計(jì)的換熱器不僅達(dá)到了降低變換氣溫度的作用，同時(shí)還吸收了變換氣放出的廢熱，用于加熱半水煤氣。再設(shè)計(jì)中進(jìn)行對(duì)物料及熱量衡算，并對(duì)換熱器整體機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行計(jì)算和對(duì)換熱器的基本附件進(jìn)行選擇和設(shè)計(jì)。最后繪出非標(biāo)零件圖和裝配圖。 關(guān)鍵詞： 流量 ， 換 熱面積 ， 結(jié) 構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ， 換 熱管 ， 管板 ， 封頭 ， 殼體 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) II ON THE OVERRALL DESIGN OF FIXED TABE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER ABSTRACT Heat exchanger in oil refining, petrochemical, and widely used in other industries, it is suitable for cooling, heating, evaporation and condensation, heat recovery, and various other aspects. Fixed tube plate heat exchanger is a typical structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger and a wide range of heat exchanger. This type of heat exchanger has the characteristics of a simple structure, pact, high reliability and wide adaptability , and low cost of the production, wide choice of used materials, more convenient of cleaning heat exchanger the surface . Fixed tube plate heat exchanger can withstands the higher operating pressure and temperature, so it has the absolute advantage in the possession of high temperature and high pressure heat exchangers and large. This design is mainly used for heat exchange of heat exchanger used in gas and water gas for coal chemical industry. Heat exchanger of the design not only can reduce the air temperature change effect, it also absorbs the waste heat released for heating ventilation, semi water gas. In the design of the material and heat balance, the basic accessories heat exchanger and whole body were calculated and the heat exchanger selection and design. Finally I draw the nonstandard parts drawing and assembly drawing. KEYWARDS： discharge, the heat exchange area,structural design, heat exchange tube, tube sheet, heads, housings 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) III 目錄 摘要 ................................................................ I ABSTRACT........................................................... II 1 緒論 .............................................................. 1 化工設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................. 1 換熱器概述 ................................................... 1 板式換熱器 ................................................. 1 管殼式換熱器的分類 ....................................... 1 管殼式換熱器結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................... 4 換熱器研究?jī)?nèi)容及發(fā)展動(dòng)向 ..................................... 4 2 工藝計(jì)算 ......................................................... 7 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)： ........................................................ 7 換熱器選擇 ................................................... 7 選擇換熱器的類型 ......................................... 7 .................................................. 7 傳熱形式選擇 .............................................. 8 換熱面積的計(jì)算 ................................................ 8 物料與熱量衡算 ................................................ 9 定性溫度 .................................................. 9 介質(zhì)物性計(jì)算 ............................................ 10 選擇總傳熱系數(shù) ........................................... 13 平均溫差 .................................................. 13 熱負(fù)荷計(jì)算 ............................................... 14 管程流體（半水煤氣）質(zhì)量流量估算 ........................ 14 流速及總傳熱系數(shù)的確定 .................................... 15 殼程流體（變換氣）流量確定 ................................... 15 3 結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算 ........................................................ 16 換熱管的計(jì)算 .................................................. 16 安徽理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) IV 管徑和管子材質(zhì)選擇 ....................................... 16 傳熱管數(shù)和管程數(shù) .......................................... 16 傳熱管的排列 .............................................. 16 殼體計(jì)算 ..................................................... 17 筒體材料選擇 ............................................. 17 焊接形式選擇 ............................................. 18 筒體計(jì)算 ................................................. 18 管箱圓筒計(jì)算 ................................................. 19 封頭計(jì)算 ..................................................... 19 管板計(jì)算 ..................................................... 21 管板與殼體圓筒，管箱圓筒的連接方式選擇 .................. 21 管板材料及厚度選擇 ....................................... 22 管板與換熱管的連接 ....................................... 22 4 附件選擇 ........................................................ 24 折流板選擇 ................................................... 24 折流板管孔直徑和允許偏差 .................................. 24 拉桿計(jì)算 ..................................................... 25 拉管結(jié)構(gòu)形式選擇 ......................................... 25 拉桿的直徑和數(shù)量 ......................................... 25 拉桿尺寸 .................................................. 25 拉桿的布置 ................................................ 26 流體進(jìn)出管選擇及布置 ......................................... 27 管程流體進(jìn)出管選擇及布置 .................................. 27 殼程流體進(jìn)出管選擇 ........................................ 29 防沖與導(dǎo)流 ................................................... 33 防短路板 ..................................................... 34 旁路擋板 .................................................. 34 擋管 ..................................................... 34 波形膨脹 ..................................................... 35 支座選擇 ..................................................... 35 法蘭及螺柱選擇 ............................................... 37 墊片選擇 ................................