【正文】 沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)北方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) I 超聲波測(cè)距電路設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 隨著單片機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，各種控制系統(tǒng)都趨向于自動(dòng)化。以單片機(jī)為核心的控制系統(tǒng)體 積小、功能強(qiáng)、價(jià)格低，因而在眾多領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用，并顯示出廣闊 前景。論文介紹了一種運(yùn)用單片機(jī)和 CX20xx6A 組成的超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)。本設(shè)計(jì)主要以STC89C51作為控制核心，包括鍵盤輸入模塊，超聲波發(fā)射模塊，超聲波接收模塊（ CX20xx6A），數(shù)碼管顯示模塊，報(bào)警模塊。主要實(shí)現(xiàn)超聲波測(cè)距并顯示功能，依據(jù)實(shí)際的測(cè)量精度要求還可以添加溫度補(bǔ)償電路。 本系統(tǒng)成本低廉，功能實(shí)用。硬件系統(tǒng)具有良 好的性能，且由于構(gòu)成系統(tǒng)的器件應(yīng)用普遍，便于維護(hù)。因此，本設(shè)計(jì)具有較強(qiáng)的性價(jià)比及實(shí)用性。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： STC89C51； CX20xx6A ； 超聲波發(fā)射模塊； 超聲波接收模塊 ； LED顯示電路 沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)北方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) III Abstract Along with the monolithic integrated circuit technology development, each kind of control system all tends to the automation. By the monolithic integrated circuit for the core control system volume small, the function strong, the price is low, thus obtains the widespread application in the multitudinous domain, and demonstrates the broad prospect. This design is based mainly on STC89C51 chip core ultrasonic range finder, and a ultrasonic processing module CX20xx6A, CD4069 posed of ultrasonic transmitter, digital display devices such as position, including the SCM system, ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver circuit, MCU Resetcircuit, LED display Distance and direction to achieve the main on the actual measurement accuracy can also add temperature pensation system cost, functional and system has good performance, and constitute a system of device applications as universal, easy , this design has a strong costeffective and practical. Keywords: stc89c51 。CX20xx6A 。 ultrasonic emission of ultrasonic receiver 。 LED display circuit。 目錄 摘 要 .....................................................................................................................................II Abstract ................................................................................................................................ III 目錄 ..................................................................................................................................... IV 1 緒論 .................................................................................................................................... 1 課題意義 ................................................................................................................... 1 單片機(jī)發(fā)展歷史 ......................................................................................................... 1 2 超聲波測(cè)距儀系統(tǒng)的 硬件和軟件的功能分析 ................................................................ 3 超聲波測(cè)距的設(shè)計(jì)原理論證 ................................................................................... 3 超聲波測(cè)距儀的設(shè)計(jì)思路 .................................................................................. 3 超聲波測(cè)距原 理 ................................................................................................... 3 超聲波測(cè)距儀原理框圖 ....................................................................................... 4 電超聲波測(cè)距儀系統(tǒng)的軟件方案論證 ..................................................................... 5 3 超聲波測(cè)距儀系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................ 6 STC89C51 簡(jiǎn)介 ........................................................................................................ 6 數(shù)碼管顯示的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 12 八位 7 段數(shù)碼管工作原理 .............................................................................. 12 超聲波發(fā)射電路模塊設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 13 超聲波接收電路模塊設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................... 14 超聲波接收電路設(shè)計(jì)原理 ................................................................................. 14 CX20xx6A ........................................................................................................ 15 4 超聲波測(cè)距系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 17 程序的總體設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 17 主程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 17 40KHZ 脈沖的產(chǎn)生與超聲波發(fā)射 ....................................................................... 18 顯示子程序和蜂鳴報(bào)警子程序設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................... 20 5 超聲波測(cè)距儀調(diào)試與測(cè)試 .............................................................................................. 21 調(diào)試 ............................................................................................................................ 21 沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)北方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) (論文 ) V 硬件調(diào)試 ............................................................................................................. 21 軟件調(diào)試 ............................................................................................................. 23 結(jié) 論 ................................................................................................................................. 25 結(jié)束語(yǔ) ................................................................................................................................. 26 致 謝 ................................................................................................................................. 27 參考文獻(xiàn) ............................................................................................................................. 28 附錄 I——程序源碼 ........................................................................................................... 29 附錄 II——電路原理圖 ...................................................................................................... 48 沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)北方科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 1 1 緒論 課題 意義 隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，超聲波在測(cè)距儀中的應(yīng)用越來越廣。但就目前技術(shù)水平來說，人們可以具體利用的測(cè)距技術(shù)還十分有限，因此，這是一個(gè)正在蓬勃發(fā)展而又有無限前景的技術(shù)及產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域。 超聲波測(cè)距儀作為一種新型的非常重要有用的工具在各方面都將有很大的發(fā)