【正文】 第一篇：考博英語模擬試2018考博英語模擬試題：考博英語閱讀訓(xùn)練（1）Overseas students shun UK and US universitiesThe market share of international students enjoyed by British and US universities has dropped sharply as Australia，Japan and New Zealand bee increasingly popular destinations，according to an international parison of education systems published latest edition of Education at a Glance，an annual audit published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development，showed that although foreign students continue to be attracted to the two countries because of the English language teaching and perceived quality of education，in relative terms their position is Parisbased organisation reported that US market share fell 2 per cent from 20023，while the UK suffered the fastest decline among OECD members，falling from per cent in 1998 to percent in most recent year used by the report is 2003 so the percentages did not include a per cent fall in the number of Chinese students accepted for university courses in Britain this is increasingly reliant on the higher fees paid by students from outside the European Union to help sustain its universities for domestic overall number of students studying outside their own countries stood at in 2003，an percent annual average increase since to the report the international plexion of US campuses has changed strikingly since September 11 country39。39。s universities have seen decreases of 1037 per cent in students from the Gulf states，northern Africa and some southeast Asian report also concluded that despite continued，if uneven，growth in the number of graduates churned out by the rich world39。39。s universities，the monetary value of a degree showed no sign of having been Schleicher，head of the Indicators and Analysis Division of the OECD39。39。s Directorate of Education，said there was no evidence of inflation of the labourmarket value of qualifications and that graduates could expect to continue to earn considerably more than those without a the performance of the world39。39。s schools，Mr Schleicher said Asia was soaring while Europe remained level and South America had slipped into relative 、全文翻譯英美大學(xué)留學(xué)生人數(shù)驟跌據(jù)昨天公布的一項(xiàng)國際教育體系比較研究稱，英美大學(xué)的留學(xué)生市場份額急劇下降，而澳大利亞、日本和新西蘭日益成為受歡迎的留學(xué)目的地。最新版《各國教育概觀》（Education at A Glance）顯示，盡管由于英美兩國以英語教學(xué)，且教育質(zhì)量明顯較高，外國學(xué)生繼續(xù)被這兩個(gè)國家所吸引，但相對而言，兩國的地位在下降。該報(bào)告是經(jīng)合組織（OECD）公布的年度教育審計(jì)報(bào)告。總部位于巴黎的經(jīng)合組織報(bào)告說，美國的市場份額2002至2003年下降了2%，而英國在經(jīng)合組織成員國中降幅最大，%%.該報(bào)告采用數(shù)據(jù)的最近年度是2003年，因此該數(shù)據(jù)并沒有將今年的情況包括在內(nèi)，%.英國正日益依賴歐盟以外學(xué)生支付的更高學(xué)費(fèi)，使英國大學(xué)能夠繼續(xù)招收國內(nèi)學(xué)生。2003年海外留學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)為210萬，%.根據(jù)這篇報(bào)告，自2001年9月11日的事件以來，美國大學(xué)校園里國際學(xué)生的構(gòu)成發(fā)生了驚人變化。來自海灣地區(qū)各國、北非以及某些東南亞國家的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了10%至37%.報(bào)告還得出結(jié)論，盡管富國大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生人數(shù)仍在持續(xù)（或許不均勻地）增長，學(xué)位的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值絲毫沒有貶值的跡象。經(jīng)合組織教育指標(biāo)和分析部負(fù)責(zé)人安德里亞。施萊歇爾（Andreas Schleicher）說，沒有證據(jù)顯示，學(xué)位資格在勞動力市場上的價(jià)值正發(fā)生“膨脹”，畢業(yè)生收入可以期望比那些沒有學(xué)位的人高出許多。在評估全球?qū)W校的表現(xiàn)時(shí)，施萊歇爾先生說，亞洲正在“急劇上升”，歐洲保持原有水準(zhǔn)，而南美洲則相對有所滑坡。二、重點(diǎn)詞匯，[計(jì)]目的文件，目的單元格perceive reliant ，依靠的，信賴自己的domestic ，國內(nèi)的，與人共處的，馴服的 plexion ，膚色，情況，局面despite ，盡管，不論tarnish indicator ，[化]指示劑inflation ，夸張，通貨膨脹，（物價(jià)）暴漲soaring ，翱翔的考博英語模擬試題：考博英語閱讀訓(xùn)練（2）UN report warns poverty goals likely to be missedThe infant death rate for African Americans in Washington DC is higher than that in the cities of the Indian state of Kerala，the United Nations has warned as part of a damning review of poverty and inequality around the ahead of next week39。39。s summit in New York to review progress in meeting goals to halve extreme poverty by 2015，the UN39。39。s human development report says： US health indicators are far below those that might be expected on the basis of national report，published by the United Nations Development Programme（UNDP），says the oute is due partly to persistent and extreme disparities between people from different social and ethnic groups，as shown by recent images of poor black people stranded in New Orleans by Hurricane findings reflect a new focus by the UN upon differences within countries as well as between countries，as policymakers try to think of new ways to achieve the millennium development goals（MDGs），agreed in and China，which have both enjoyed sustained economic growth，face worrying are worrying indications that social progress is starting to lag behind economic performance，with the slowdown in the rate of reduction in child deaths a special UN notes that China spends 5 per cent of its GDP on health，but public spending now amounts to less than 2 per cent of erosion of public funding，it says，has resulted in a mismatch between need and provision，with per capita spending in urban areas times that in rural 70 and 80 per cent of the rural population have no health living in the poorest parts of rural China face far greater health risks，and the gap is mortality rate for underfiveyearolds ranges from 8 per 1，000 in Beijing（parable to the US），to 60 in the poorest parts of Gui zhou（parable to Namibia）。一、參考譯文聯(lián)合國警告說，美國首都華盛頓特區(qū)非裔美國人的嬰兒死亡率高于印度喀拉拉邦各城市。該警告是聯(lián)合國評估世界各地貧窮和不平等現(xiàn)象報(bào)告的一部分，聯(lián)合國對這些現(xiàn)象表示強(qiáng)烈不滿。這份報(bào)告指出：“美國的健康指標(biāo)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于根據(jù)國家富裕程度所預(yù)期的水平?！贝饲奥?lián)合國曾制定目標(biāo)，希望到2015年將極端貧困人口減半。下周聯(lián)合國將在紐約召開峰會，回顧實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的進(jìn)展。在峰會前，聯(lián)合國發(fā)表了這份人類發(fā)展報(bào)告。考試大聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計(jì)劃署（UNDP）發(fā)布的這份報(bào)告表示，這種結(jié)果部分是由于不同的社會群體和族裔群體之間存在著“持久的”和“極端的”不平等。最近美國新奧爾良的貧窮黑人因颶風(fēng)卡特里娜受困的景象就表明了這一點(diǎn)。該報(bào)告的結(jié)論反映了聯(lián)合國在貧困問題上的新的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)：不僅關(guān)注國家之間的不平等，而且也關(guān)注國家內(nèi)部的不平等。目前，各國的政策制定者試圖想出新方法，以實(shí)現(xiàn)2000年達(dá)成的千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)（MDGs）。印度和中國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長，但也面臨令人擔(dān)憂的挑戰(zhàn)。聯(lián)合國的這份報(bào)告說：“有令人擔(dān)心的跡象表明，社會發(fā)展正開始落后于經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)，兒童死亡率下降速度放緩尤為令人擔(dān)心?！甭?lián)合國指出，中國花費(fèi)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的5%用于健康醫(yī)療，但公共支出目前占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比例不足2%.報(bào)告稱，公共資金被侵蝕，已導(dǎo)致“需求和供給之間的錯(cuò)配”。70%和80%之間的農(nóng)村人口沒有醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。居住在中國農(nóng)村最貧困地區(qū)的兒童面臨更大的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并且城鄉(xiāng)差距在擴(kuò)大。舉例來說，在北京，五歲以下兒童的死亡率為千分之八（與美國相當(dāng)），但在貴州最貧困的地區(qū)，五歲以下兒童的死亡率為千分之六十（與納米比亞相當(dāng)）。二、重點(diǎn)詞匯Infant ，幼兒Inequality ，不同，不等式，不平均，（表面）不平坦（用復(fù)數(shù)）Indicatory ，表示的 oute ，成果persistent extreme ，極端的，極度的，偏激的，最后的 ，極端的事物ethnic ，種族的，異教徒的 millennium ，一千年concern ，關(guān)系到erosion ，侵蝕provision ，（一批）供應(yīng)品，預(yù)備，防備，規(guī)定insurance ，保險(xiǎn)單，保險(xiǎn)業(yè)，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)mortality 考博英語模擬試題：考博英語閱讀訓(xùn)練（3）Ringtones no longer ringing the tillsThe days of making easy money from ringtones short clips of music for mobile phones are has been a hugely profitable business is ing under pressure from a narrowing of the