【正文】 編號： 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 題 目： 基于單片機(jī)的公共 汽車報(bào)站器設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 院： 信息與通信學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 電子信息工程 學(xué)生姓名： 滿永泉 學(xué) 號： 0901130435 指導(dǎo)教師： 紀(jì)元法 職 稱： 教授 題目類型： ?理論研究 ? 實(shí)驗(yàn)研究 ?工程設(shè)計(jì) ?工程技術(shù)研究 ?軟件開發(fā) 20xx 年 5 月 21 日 桂林電子科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）報(bào)告用紙 第 1 頁 共 2 頁 摘 要 隨著社會的發(fā)展，城市聚集的人口越來越多，城市的交通壓力也越來越大，因此公共汽車也隨之成為了人口集中地方的一種重要交通工具。 公交車已經(jīng)成為 一般市民 和學(xué)生 的 必須的交通工具，目前 ， 公交車上采用的公交報(bào)站系統(tǒng)具有語音報(bào)站和顯示的基本功能， 為滿足乘客和司機(jī)的要求，公交報(bào)站系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該具備有最基本的手動報(bào)站、自動的衛(wèi)星定位報(bào)站，和顯示漢字功能，這樣自動報(bào)站 的時(shí)候能很好地減輕司機(jī)的負(fù)擔(dān)，從而提高了駕駛的安全性；當(dāng)自動報(bào)站功能無法使用的時(shí)候，手動操作也能完成報(bào)站功能。完善的公交系統(tǒng)無疑能夠減輕交通壓力，為此不斷地區(qū)完善公交系統(tǒng)有著重要的意義。 本 論文 設(shè)計(jì)的是一種 GPS 定位自動報(bào)站和手動報(bào)站的功能公共汽車報(bào)站器，它同時(shí)還有其他的服務(wù)提示語音和 LCD 顯示。報(bào)站器通過衛(wèi)星收集信息，當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)相應(yīng)的站點(diǎn)就自動報(bào)站，與此同時(shí)也備有手動報(bào)站的功能，這是為了防備當(dāng)自動報(bào)站系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障的時(shí)候，通過自己操作可以實(shí)現(xiàn)手動報(bào)站；在報(bào)站的同時(shí)在 LCD 屏上顯示出站名，為了顯示明了，本 設(shè)計(jì)還設(shè)計(jì)了 LED 流水指示燈，用來指示到達(dá)的站點(diǎn)。 關(guān)鍵詞： STC89C52RC； GPS 衛(wèi)星定位 ； 語音播報(bào)； LCD 顯示 桂林電子科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）報(bào)告用紙 第 2 頁 共 2 頁 Abstract With the development of society, more and more concentrated population of the city，the city39。s traffic pressure is also growing, so ,the bus also will bee an important means of transport of the population is concentrated place. The bus has bee the general public and students must transport, Currently, the bus stop announcement system in the bus have a voice stations and display the basic functions, to meet the requirements of the passengers and the driver, the busstop system should have a basic manual newspaper stand, the automatic satellite positioning newspaper stand, and display Chinese characters functions, such automatic station can reduce the burden on the driver, thus improving the safety of driving。 When autostop function can not be used, manual operation can be pleted at station function. Improve the public transport system can undoubtedly alleviate the traffic pressure, this constantly region of great significance to improve the public transport system. This thesis is a GPS positioning station and manual function of the stops automatically at the busstop device, it also has other service voice prompts and LCD display. Stop device to collect information via satellite, when reaching the appropriate site on the automatic station, at the same time with manually newspaper stand, this is in order to prepare when autostop system failure, can be achieved through their own operating manual at station。 While the stops on the LCD screen shows the name of the station, in order to show clear, the design also designed the LED indicator of water used to indicate the site of arrival. Key words: STC89C52RC 。 GPS satellite positioning。 Voice broadcast。 LCD display 桂林電子科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）報(bào)告用紙 第 1 頁 共 2 頁 目 錄 引言 ............................................................................................................................... 1 1 方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................ 1 2 設(shè)計(jì)要求 ................................................................................................................ 2 3 器件的選擇與介紹 .............................................................................................. 2 單片機(jī)的選擇與介紹 ...............................................................................................................................2 語音芯片選擇與介紹 ...............................................................................................................................6 語音芯片的特點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................................................6 語音芯片的電氣特性 ..........................................................................................................................7 語音芯片內(nèi)部寄存器 ..........................................................................................................................7 獨(dú)立按鍵工作模式 ...............................................................................................................................8 GPS 定位原理與介紹 ................................................................................................................................9 LCD12864 液晶屏的概述 ..................................................................................................................... 11 TDA2822M 的概述 ..................................................................................................................................... 14 4 硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 .................................................................................. 15 系統(tǒng)硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ............................................................................................................ 15 電源電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ....................................................................................................................... 15 主控電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ....................................................................................................................... 16 晶振電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ..................................................................................................................16 LED 流水指示燈電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 .........................................................................................17 發(fā)光二極管特性 ...................................................................................................................................17 復(fù)位電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ...................................................................................................................17 語音模塊電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ............................................................................................................ 18 語音模塊電路的設(shè)計(jì)與分析 ...............................................................................