【正文】
哈爾濱理工大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 I 基于礦用瓦斯監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警器的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及原理 摘 要 隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,各行各業(yè)對(duì)煤炭的需求急劇增加,而各種礦難事故的發(fā)生,使得煤炭安全生產(chǎn)面臨嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。此次設(shè)計(jì)的主要課題是瓦斯監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警器,從題目上看此次設(shè)計(jì)主要分兩大部分來(lái)解決:一是煤礦瓦斯的監(jiān)測(cè),二是系統(tǒng)的報(bào)警。文中首先闡述了 CH4監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展及狀況,其次著重介紹了我們此次基于甲烷傳感器 MQ7和單片機(jī)AT89C51的煤礦瓦斯監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)警器。 本設(shè)計(jì)的硬件電路包括濃度檢測(cè), A/D轉(zhuǎn)換,單片機(jī)系統(tǒng),數(shù)據(jù)顯示電路,串口通信及各控制電路;軟件設(shè)計(jì)包括濃度采集,數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換及處理,動(dòng)態(tài)顯示及濃度控制等。通過(guò)軟硬件 的設(shè)計(jì)可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)瓦斯?jié)舛鹊谋O(jiān)測(cè)并且當(dāng)其濃度超過(guò)預(yù)警值時(shí)可進(jìn)行聲光報(bào)警。 可有效防止和避免瓦斯燃燒或爆炸的惡性事故發(fā)生,對(duì)避免人員傷亡財(cái)產(chǎn)損失有著積極的作用 。 該裝置具有經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用 、 數(shù)據(jù)直觀準(zhǔn)確 、 適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),可大量應(yīng)用于煤礦井下作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。 關(guān)鍵字: 瓦斯報(bào)警系統(tǒng) ;單片機(jī); 傳感器 哈爾濱理工大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 II Based on the development and principle of the mine gas monitoring alarm system Abstracts With the rapid development of economy in our country, all walks of life demand for coal has increased dramatically, and all kinds of coal mine accidents, make the coal safety in production faces severe challenges. This design is the main topics of the gas monitoring alarm, look from the topic the design main points of two parts to solve: one is the coal mine gas monitoring, second is the alarm system. CH4 is firstly expounded the development and status of monitoring system, then introduces the MQ 7 we based on the methane sensor and single chip microputer AT89C51 coal mine gas monitoring alarm system. This design of hardware circuit including concentration detection, A/D conversion, singlechip microputer system, the data display circuit, serial munication and the control circuit。 Software design includes concentration collection, data transformation and processing, dynamic display and control of concentration. Through the design of software and hardware can be realized for gas concentration monitoring and when its concentration exceeds earlywarning values can be carried out sound and light alarm. Which can effectively prevent and avoid the malignant gas burning and explosion accident, has a positive effect on avoid casualties, property losses. The device is economical and practical, intuitive accurate data, strong adaptability and other characteristics, can be widely used in the coal mine work safety. Key words: Gas alarm system; MCU; The sensor 哈爾濱理工大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 III 目 錄 摘要 I Abstract II 第 1 章 緒論 1 課題研究背景及意義 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向 1 課題的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與要 求 4 系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)介 4 第 2 章 瓦斯報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的方案設(shè)計(jì) 5 瓦斯爆炸的原因及因素 5 瓦斯爆炸的監(jiān)控手段 6 礦用瓦斯檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)指 標(biāo)及實(shí)現(xiàn)功能 7 煤礦氣體檢測(cè)技術(shù)系統(tǒng)概述 7 系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則 7 技術(shù)指標(biāo)要求 8 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能 10 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案 10 第 3 章 瓦斯報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的硬件選擇 11 MQ7 煙霧傳感器 11 甲烷濃度檢測(cè)儀器按其工作原理 11 MQ5 可燃?xì)怏w檢測(cè)用特點(diǎn) 14 AT89C52 芯片 15 芯片的介紹 15 主要功能介紹 16 AD 轉(zhuǎn)換芯片選擇 19 ADC0809 的主要特性 20 ADC0809 引腳圖 21 LCD 液晶顯示電路 23 LCD 顯示電路 23 哈爾濱理工大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 IV LCD 管腳介紹 24 電源模塊的設(shè)計(jì) 25 聲光報(bào)警電路 25 蜂鳴器報(bào)警 25 燈光報(bào)警電路 26 SPI 總線 27 SPI 總線特點(diǎn) 27 SPI 電路 27 第 4 章 硬件系統(tǒng)單元模塊調(diào)試 28 調(diào)試結(jié)構(gòu)圖及系統(tǒng)流程圖 28 本設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)條件 30 硬件調(diào)試 30 電源電路模塊的檢測(cè)與調(diào)試 30 甲烷檢測(cè)儀 CPU 的調(diào)試 30 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換、顯示電路的調(diào)試 31 聲光報(bào)警電路的檢測(cè)與調(diào)試 31 結(jié) 論 32 致 謝 33 參考文獻(xiàn) 34 哈爾濱理工大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文 V Contents CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE ........................................... 1 DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN RESEARCH PRESENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT DIRECTION ...................................................................................... 1 SUBJECT OF THE MAIN RESEARCH CONTENTS AND REQUIREMENTS .......... 4 SYSTEM INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 4 CHAPTERII THE SCHEME DESIGN OF GAS ALARM SYSTEM ....... 5 REASON OF GAS EXPLOSION AND FACTORS ................................................ 5 THE MONITORING OF THE FIRE DAMP EXPLOSION ...........