【正文】
畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) ( 20xx 屆) 題 目 太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的研究 學(xué) 院 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 電氣工程與自動(dòng)化 年 級(jí) 10級(jí) 學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào) 學(xué)生姓名 指師教師 20xx年 5月 10日 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 1 摘 要 太陽(yáng)能作為一種新型的綠色可再生能源,具有儲(chǔ)量大、利用經(jīng)濟(jì)、清潔環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此,太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)成為人們普遍關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),提高系統(tǒng)的整體效率便成為重中之重。 本文主要是針對(duì)太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT)與并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)兩方面進(jìn)行研究。 首先,概述了國(guó)內(nèi)外太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展前景,以及光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成和分類,使我們對(duì)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)建立一個(gè)總體的認(rèn)識(shí);其次,對(duì)光伏電池及其特性做了簡(jiǎn)單介紹,分析了太陽(yáng)能電池板的工作原理,得出了不同環(huán)境及不同日照強(qiáng)度下的太陽(yáng)能電池輸出特性曲線圖,結(jié)果證明了太陽(yáng)能電池的非線性;再其次,簡(jiǎn)要的介紹了最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤技術(shù)的原理及常規(guī)算法,通過 MATLAB/Simulink 對(duì)MPPT 系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了建模、仿真,并對(duì)其結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,得出相應(yīng)結(jié)論;最后,對(duì)光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的原理及控制策略做了一定的介紹,并進(jìn)行了建模與仿真。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電 蓄電池 MATLAB 仿真 最大功率點(diǎn) 并網(wǎng)發(fā) 電 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 2 Abstract As a new type of green renewable energy, solar energy has advantages of large reserves, using economic, clean environmental protection, etc. Therefore, solar photovoltaic technology bees the focus of widespread concern. Improving the overall efficiency of the system has bee a priority. This article is mainly on the maximum power point tracking for solar photovoltaic power generation systems and grid system . First of all, this article introduces an overview of the current situation and development prospects of domestic solar photovoltaic power generation , as well as position and classification of photovoltaic systems , photovoltaic systems enable us to establish a general understanding of photovoltaic power generation system。 then, the article tells a simple introduction of photovoltaic cells and its properties, analyses the working principle of solar panels, it is concluded that the different environment and sunshine intensity of the solar cell output characteristic curve, the result proved that the nonlinear solar cells。 next followed by a brief introduction to the principles of maximum power point tracking technology and conventional algorithm. Through MATLAB/Simulink , the MPPT system was modeled and simulated,then draw the appropriate conclusions . Finally, it makes an introduction of the principle and control strategy of photovoltaic (pv) grid system, then a modeling and simulation 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 3 was carried out. Key Words: Solar Photovoltaic Storage Battery Matlab Simulation GridConnected Maximun Power Point Tracing 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 4 目 錄 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 課題背景與選題意義 ......................................................................................... 1 全球能源危機(jī)與環(huán)境問題 .......................................................................... 1 太陽(yáng)能的開發(fā)與利用 .................................................................................. 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究綜述 ................................................................................................. 3 光伏發(fā)電的歷史 .......................................................................................... 3 國(guó)內(nèi)研究綜述 .............................................................................................. 3 國(guó)外研究綜述 .............................................................................................. 4 本文主要工作 ..................................................................................................... 6 第二章 太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)概述 .............................................................................. 7 太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的組成 ............................................................................. 7 太陽(yáng)能光伏系統(tǒng)的分類 ..................................................................................... 7 獨(dú)立型光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 7 并網(wǎng)型光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 8 混合型光伏發(fā) 電系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 8 太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用 ............................................................................. 9 光伏發(fā)電尚存在的問題 ..................................................................................... 9 第三章 光伏電池及其特性 ........................................................................................ 11 太陽(yáng)能電池的分類 ........................................................................................... 11 太陽(yáng)能電池的基本工作原理 ........................................................................... 12 太陽(yáng)能電池的等效電路 ................................................................................... 13 太陽(yáng)能電池的 IV 特性 ................................................................................... 14 第四章 最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤技術(shù) .................................................................................... 17 MPPT 算法的原理 ............................................................................................ 17 MPPT 常規(guī)跟蹤算法 ........................................................................................ 18 恒定電壓法 ................................................................................................ 18 擾動(dòng)觀察法 ................................................................................................ 19 物理電氣信息學(xué)院 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 5 電導(dǎo)增量法 ................................................................................................ 20 仿真分析 ..............................................