【正文】 學(xué) 士 學(xué) 位 論 文 小區(qū)遠(yuǎn)程抄表系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 作 者 姓 名： 吳 煜 昊 學(xué)科、專業(yè) ： 電子信息工程 學(xué) 號 ： 10424060 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 蔡 睿 妍 完 成 日 期： 大連大學(xué) Dalian University 小區(qū)遠(yuǎn)程抄表系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 總計(jì) : 畢業(yè)論文 54 頁 表 格 3 表 插 圖 16 幅 指導(dǎo)教師： 蔡 睿 妍 評 閱 人： 完成日期： I 摘 要 這篇文章是針對住宅小區(qū)所用的水表、電表及煤氣表所作的抄表系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。此系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)綜合地運(yùn)用通信技術(shù)、傳感器技術(shù)和單片機(jī)技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對水 、電、煤氣的數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理、存儲、傳輸?shù)热蝿?wù)，這樣一來就使得小區(qū)中每戶居民的水表、電表和煤氣表信息能夠準(zhǔn)確傳遞到本小區(qū)所在物業(yè)的中央控制室中。為了能更加精確地對水、電和煤氣等數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程采集，此次設(shè)計(jì)完成了以 AT89C51 單片機(jī)為控制核心，并且詳細(xì)分析了數(shù)據(jù)的采集方案以及單片機(jī)和上位機(jī)的通信系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。 本文詳細(xì)介紹了小區(qū)遠(yuǎn)程抄表 的工作原理，硬件部分設(shè)計(jì)以及軟件部分設(shè)計(jì)。硬件部分包括：信號采集以及工作原理、液晶顯示、鍵盤控制和數(shù)據(jù)的存儲等。 本系統(tǒng)采用單片機(jī)對水、電、煤氣等信號的采集、 分析、控制 、處理、驅(qū)動顯示進(jìn)行控制 ，能夠達(dá)到遠(yuǎn)程抄表對水量、電量、煤氣量具有較好的動態(tài)測量性能，測量結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確可靠，硬件電路結(jié)構(gòu)較之傳統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)相對簡單。通過使用單片機(jī)軟件編程減少硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)的復(fù)雜性，系統(tǒng)具有較強(qiáng)的數(shù)據(jù)處理能力以及較好的穩(wěn)定性和精確性。正因?yàn)檫@個(gè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單和成本較低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，所以它有很廣闊的市場推廣價(jià)值。 關(guān)鍵字：單片機(jī)；遠(yuǎn)程抄表； AT89C51 II ABSTRACT In view of the the residential quarters of the water meter, electricity meter and gas meter,this article was used in the design of meter reading system. This system was designed to utilize integrated munication technology, sensor technology and microprocessor realized with water, electricity, gas, tasks such as data acquisition, processing, storage, transmission, thus made every household in the village’s information accurately deliver to the village39。s property in the central control order to achieve the water meter, gas meter data to remote Collecting,this design pleted the AT89C51 as control core, and a detailed analysis of the data acquisition scheme and microcontroller and PC munication system hardware design and software design. This paper described the working principle of the residential remote meter reading, the hardware part of the design and the software part of the design. Hardware ponents include: signal acquisition and working principle, LCD, keyboard control and data system used a microcontroller for water, electricity, gas and other signal acquisition, analysis, control, processing, display driver could achieve remote meter reading for water, electricity, gas volume measurement,which had better dynamic performance, accurate and reliable measurement results. The hardware circuit the structure is relatively simple pared to the traditional using single chip microputer software to reduce the plexity of hardware circuit design, the system had strong data processing ability and good stability and accuracy. Because the system has simple structure and low cost advantages, it has a very broad market promotional value. Key words： MCU； remote meter reading； AT89C51 III 目錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................II ........................................................................................................................... 1 遠(yuǎn)程抄表的研究背景及其意義 .................................................................... 1 遠(yuǎn)程抄表的國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀及其發(fā)展趨勢 ........................................................ 1 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和應(yīng)用 ............................................................................ 2 ............................................................................................... 4 遠(yuǎn)程抄表的總體功能 .................................................................................... 4 遠(yuǎn)程抄表的總體結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................... 4 ............................................................................................... 6 下位主控機(jī) ................................................................................................... 6 下位主控機(jī)芯片選擇 ........................................................................ 6 主控機(jī) AT89c51 最小系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成 ........................................................ 6 信號采集模塊 ............................................................................................. 10 電表 ................................................................................................. 10 水表、煤氣表 ................................................................................. 11 顯示模塊 ..................................................................................................... 12 功能概述 ......................................................................................... 12 引腳功能簡介 ................................................................................. 12 顯示模塊引腳連接 ......................................................................... 13 鍵盤模塊 ..................................................................................................... 14 存儲模塊 ..................................................................................................... 15 管腳 ................................................................................................. 15 存儲模塊電路 ................................................................................. 16 通信模塊 ..................................................................................................... 16 RS232 接口標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ............................................................................ 17 RS485 接口標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ............................................................................ 17 ......................................................................................... 19 主程序設(shè)計(jì) ......................................