【正文】 I 基于單片機的 IC 卡智能水表設(shè)計 摘 要 為適應(yīng)國家用水制度的改革，研究和利用現(xiàn)代化智能技術(shù)對自來水實行自動控制，減輕供水管理部門因“先供水后收費”造成的資金壓力，減少每月抄表、收費所帶來的麻煩和因收費問題帶來的糾紛，用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)手段改變自來水管理體制的落后現(xiàn)狀，勢在必行?；趩纹瑱C的 IC 智能水表不但可以提高供水部門的工作效率，而且在技術(shù)上為節(jié)約用水、合理用水創(chuàng)造了條件，由于這些特點，基于單片機的 IC 智能水表得到了越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。 本論文主要設(shè)計研究 基于單片機的 IC 卡智能水表 電路 ，其主要功能是以AT89C51 單片機為核心，實現(xiàn) IC 卡的讀寫，液晶顯示的控制，電磁閥的控制，脈沖的提取，同時具有安全保護電路、記憶單元電路、通信接口電路，完成整個水表信號的讀、寫處理，監(jiān)控水表工作的功能。本文對每個模塊逐一進行了研究，全面詳細地論述了硬件電路的設(shè)計流程，對本設(shè)計中非接觸式 IC 卡讀寫電路模塊、液晶顯示 電路模塊和 H6152 讀寫電路模塊等工作原理及功能進行了詳細了說明。 關(guān)鍵詞： 單片機； IC 卡；液晶顯示；記憶模塊 II Design of the Water Meter IC Card System Based On Singchip Abstract In order to adapt the reform of the nation system of water supply,studying and making use of the modern intelligence technique to realize the automatic supervision of the water supply,lightening the funds pressure because of“supply water first behind charge”of the department supplying water,reducing the trouble and dispute of copying the form and charging monthly,using the modern science technique change the current administration structure of using water and water supply industry is imperative under the application of intelligent water meter not only improves work efficiency of intelligent water meter not only improves work efficiency of the department supplying water and realizes using water electronically but also creates a condition for using water frugally and of these charactetistics,intelligent water meter obtained more and more widespread application. In this paper, the main design based on singlechip precharges the IC card water meter system hardware circuit design, its main function is based on AT89C51 singlechip microputer as the core, the realization of IC card reader, LCD display control, the control solenoid valve, pulse extraction, at the same time security protection circuit, memory cell circuit, munication interface circuit, the signal meter to III plete the reading, writing and processing, monitoring the work function of water meters. In this paper, one by one for each module studied. Full detail of the hardware circuit design flow, for the design of the Central African contactless IC card reader circuit module, liquid crystal display circuit module and circuit module, such as reading and writing H6152 working principle and function are described in detail. Key words: SCM。 IC Card 。 Liquid crystal display。 Memory modules IV 目 錄 摘 要 .................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .............................................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒論 ................................................................................. 錯誤 !未定義書簽。 課題背景及意義 .................................................................................................. 1 傳統(tǒng)水表 ............................................................................................................. 2 傳統(tǒng)水表的主要結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................... 3 傳統(tǒng)水表的主要特點 ............................................................................... 3 智能水表 ............................................................................................................. 4 智能水表的特點 ....................................................................................... 4 國內(nèi)外智能水表的發(fā)展 現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 ............................................... 6 第 2 章 智能水表的組成和單片機的選擇 ..................................................................... 9 智能水表系統(tǒng)硬件組成 ...................................................................................... 9 AT89C51 單片機 簡介 ....................................................................................... 10 89C51 單片機的基本組成 ...................................................................... 10 89C51 單片機引腳及其功能 .................................................................. 10 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)各模塊硬件 電路設(shè)計 ............................................................................... 13 IC 卡讀寫電路 ................................................................................................... 13 Mifare 1 射頻 IC 卡 ................................................................................. 13 H6152 讀寫模塊 ...................................................................................... 17 IC 卡讀寫電路的原理及說明 ................................................................. 18 V 液晶顯示電路 ................................................................................................... 22 液晶顯示模塊 ......................................................................................... 22 電源模塊 ................................................................................................. 25 單片機模塊 ............................................................................................. 27 記憶單元電路 ................................................................................................... 28 I2C 總線簡介 ........................................................................................... 28 AT24C01 簡介 ......................................................................................... 30 硬件原理圖 ............................................................................................. 31 電磁閥控制電路 ............................................................................................... 32 其它模塊電路 ................................................................................................... 33 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)各模塊軟件設(shè)計 ....................................................................................... 35 IC 卡讀寫軟件設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 35 H6152 內(nèi)部寄存器 ............................................