【正文】 I 后四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書 摘 要 縱觀世界液壓支架的發(fā)展歷史，從 1854 年英國率先研制成功了液壓支架到現(xiàn)在，液壓支架的設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)已經(jīng)基本成熟。液壓支架是機(jī)械化采煤的重要設(shè)備之一，為此對它的設(shè)計(jì)研發(fā)有重大的意義。 本次設(shè)計(jì)，通過任務(wù)書的要求，設(shè)計(jì)適用于煤層厚度為 5~12 米滿足底板和頂板要求的的低位放頂煤液壓支架。 通過對現(xiàn)有低位放頂煤液壓支架的分析，優(yōu)勢對比，設(shè)計(jì)出適合的結(jié)構(gòu)形式，最后對立柱 、 頂梁 、 掩護(hù)梁和底座進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度校核計(jì)算。 關(guān)鍵字 ：低位放頂煤液壓支架；立柱；頂梁；掩護(hù)梁；底座 ；放煤機(jī)構(gòu)。 II Abstract Throughout the development of hydraulic support world history, from 1854 developed the first successful English hydraulic support to the present, hydraulic support design and development has been basically mature. Mec hanized coal mining hydraulic support is one of the important equipment, for its design and development of great significance. The design, through the mission statement of requirements, design suitable for seam thickness of 5 to 12 meters to meet the requirements of floor and roof caving hydraulic support low. Through the existing low level caving hydraulic support analysis, advantages pared to design a suitable structure, the last of columns, roof beams, beam shield, the base for the strength check calculation. Keywords : Low caving hydraulic support。 column。 roof beams。 shield beam。 base。 caving agency. III 目 錄 摘 要 ...........................................................................................I Abstract ........................................................................................... II 第 1 章 緒論 ...................................................................................... 1 放頂煤綜采法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ....................................................... 1 放頂煤液壓支架的發(fā)展歷史 ................................................ 1 放頂煤液壓支架結(jié)構(gòu) 的基本特點(diǎn) ........................................ 2 放頂煤液壓支架的分類 ....................................................... 2 放頂煤液壓支架使用條件和適用范圍 .................................. 3 放頂煤液壓支架使用條件 ......................................... 3 放頂煤液壓支架適用范圍 ......................................... 3 第 2 章 支架的總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................ 4 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) .............................................................................. 4 支架結(jié)構(gòu)方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................... 4 中反四連桿放頂煤液壓支架 ..................................... 4 中正四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架 .............................. 5 中四連桿低位放頂煤液壓支架 .................................. 6 第 3 章 液壓支架的整體結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸設(shè)計(jì) ........................................... 9 液壓支架設(shè)計(jì)的基本要求和基本參數(shù) ............................... 9 液壓支架的設(shè)計(jì)目的 .................................................. 9 設(shè)計(jì)時對液壓支架的基本要求 ................................... 9 液壓支架的參數(shù)確定 .......................................................... 10 支架高度 ................................................................. 10 支架的伸縮比 .......................................................... 11 支架間距的確定 ...................................................... 12 底座長度的確定 ...................................................... 12 頂梁長度的確定 ................................................................ 13 頂梁的長度計(jì)算 ...................................................... 13 頂梁寬度 ................................................................. 14 頂梁覆蓋率 ............................................................. 14 立柱位置的確定 ................................................................. 15 支架立柱數(shù)的確定 .................................................. 15 支撐方式 ................................................................. 16 立柱間距 ................................................................. 16 IV 立柱柱窩位置的確定 ............................................... 16 第 4 章 液壓支架的部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 17 頂梁 ................................................................................... 17 立柱 ................................................................................... 17 掩護(hù)梁 ............................................................................... 17 四連桿機(jī)構(gòu) ........................................................................ 18 四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的作用 .................................................. 18 四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的幾何特征 ........................................... 18 用幾何作圖法來設(shè)計(jì)四連桿機(jī)構(gòu) ............................ 19 底座 ................................................................................... 23 側(cè)護(hù)板 ............................................................................... 23 千斤頂 ............................................................................... 24 推移千斤頂 ............................................................. 24 側(cè)推千斤頂 ............................................................. 24 前梁千斤頂 ............................................................. 24 護(hù)幫千斤頂 .............................................................. 24 后推移輸送機(jī)千斤頂 ............................................... 25 放煤機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................... 26 第 5 章 液壓支架受力分析 ............................................................ 27 液壓支架基本技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定 ........................................... 27 支護(hù)強(qiáng)度 .................................................................. 27 初撐力 ...................................................................... 27 移駕力和推溜力 ...................................................... 28 支柱及相關(guān)液壓系統(tǒng)參數(shù)確定 ................................ 28 液壓支架立柱強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算 ..................................................... 31 已知參數(shù) .................................................................. 31 油缸穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 ....................................................... 32 活塞桿的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ................................................... 33 缸體的強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算 ...................................................... 37 液壓支架主要技術(shù)參數(shù) ............................................ 37 液壓支架受力分