【正文】 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書（畢業(yè)論文） 雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng) 摘要 本設(shè)計(jì) 以 PCTⅢ 型 過(guò)程控制實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置為基礎(chǔ)， 對(duì)雙容水箱進(jìn)行對(duì)象特性測(cè)試及液位控制。通過(guò)對(duì)雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)的分析建模，針對(duì)其對(duì)象特性，采用串級(jí) PID 控制方式，構(gòu)成了以上水箱液位為副調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)、下水箱液位為主調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù)的液位串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)，有效地克服了二次干擾以及雙容水箱的容量滯后等問(wèn)題，從而縮短了調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間。利用北京亞控公司生產(chǎn)的組態(tài)王軟件實(shí)施上位機(jī)界面組態(tài)，對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)地操作、監(jiān)控。在控制過(guò)程中不需要下位機(jī)，通過(guò)在組太王軟件工程瀏覽器中的命 令語(yǔ)言編輯對(duì)話框里面輸入 PID 控制源程序，實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)直接控制的方式，通過(guò) RS232/485轉(zhuǎn)換器和牛頓模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備之間的數(shù)據(jù)交換。并利用變頻器使抽水泵工作在恒壓供水的狀態(tài)下，通過(guò)電動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)控制目標(biāo)。在對(duì)雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行參數(shù)整定時(shí)，以使調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)、快為原則，從而得到適合的調(diào)節(jié)器參數(shù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)過(guò)程參數(shù)的無(wú)穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差控制，具有良好的穩(wěn)態(tài)性能和動(dòng)態(tài)性能。 關(guān)鍵 詞 : 液位；串級(jí)控制； PID 控制；組態(tài)軟件；參數(shù)整定 Double tank water level control system Abstract The design is based on the PCTⅢ type of process control device for the testing object properties and level control on the twotank. Through analysis and modeling for the twotank water level control system, use of cascade PID control for its object properties and constitute a water level control system ,its deputy adjustable parameter is previous water level and the main adjustable parameters is under the tank39。s liquid level cascade control system. It overes the problems effectively about the second twotank and capacity lagged behind and reduces the adjustment time. Use Configuration software which is generated by Beijing Asia39。s PC to implement the interface configuration, operate water level realtime and monitor the system. In the control process does not require the next crew, edit dialog box to enter the PID control inside source through the software engineering group in the browser mand language to achieve direct control of the puter, through the RS232/485 converter and Newton module achieve the exchange of data between puter and field devices. And use the drive to work in the constant pressure water supply pumps in the state, through the electric control valve to achieve the control objectives. In twotank water level control system parameters adjustment, follow the principle of steady, accurate, fast in adjustment process to get appropriate parameters. The experimental results show that the system of process parameters to achieve steadystate errorfree control, with good steady state performance and dynamic performance. Keywords: Level。 Cascade control。 PID control。 configuration software。 parameter tuning 目錄 摘要 .................................................................................................................................I Abstract....................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 課題研究背景及意義 ..................................................................................... 1 本文主要研究的內(nèi)容 ..................................................................................... 2 第二章 PCT 試驗(yàn)裝置介紹 ............................................................................................ 3 PCT 實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置構(gòu)成簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................. 3 水箱 ..................................................................................................... 3 液位傳感器 ......................................................................................... 3 電動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥 ......................................................................................... 4 壓力傳感器 ......................................................................................... 4 變頻器 ................................................................................................. 4 三項(xiàng)磁力水泵 ..................................................................................... 5 牛頓模塊 ............................................................................................. 5 雙容水箱系統(tǒng)硬件結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................. 6 水箱液位實(shí)驗(yàn)控制系統(tǒng)的用途 .................................................................... 7 第三章 雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)分析設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 8 雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)分析 ......................................................................... 8 液位控制系統(tǒng)組成 ............................................................................. 8 液位控制系統(tǒng)的控制目標(biāo) ................................................................. 9 液位控制系統(tǒng)的模型分析 ................................................................. 9 雙容水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................. 12 控制方案的選定 ............................................................................... 12 串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn) ....................................................................... 13 串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................... 13 計(jì)算機(jī) 串級(jí)控制算法實(shí)施 ............................................................... 17 液位串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)工作過(guò)程 ........................................................... 18 液位控制系統(tǒng)參數(shù)整定 ............................................................................... 19 、 Ti、 Td 對(duì) 控制質(zhì)量的影響 ....................................................... 20 幾種工程整定方法介紹 ................................................................... 21 串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)整定 ............................................................... 24 第四章 組態(tài)軟件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 27 “組態(tài)王”簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................ 27 組態(tài)畫面的建立 ........................................................................................... 28 建立工程 ........................................................................................... 28 設(shè)備配置 ........................................................................................... 29 變量定義 .......................................................................