【正文】 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)（畢業(yè) 論文 ） 基于虛擬儀器的檢定爐溫度控制系統(tǒng) 摘 要 熱電偶 在使用過(guò)程中由于受到測(cè)量環(huán)境、介質(zhì)氣氛、使用溫度以及絕緣材料和保護(hù)管材料的站污等影響，使用一段時(shí)間后，其熱電特性會(huì)發(fā)生變化，尤其是在高溫、腐蝕性氣氛以及特殊工況下，這種影響就更 為嚴(yán)重。 因此， 必須按照國(guó)家檢定規(guī)程和校準(zhǔn)規(guī)范要求進(jìn)行定期檢定。近十幾年來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)外在實(shí)現(xiàn)熱電偶分度、檢定自動(dòng)化方面作了不少研究，有了很大發(fā)展，采用了傳統(tǒng)的編程語(yǔ)言，編程耗費(fèi)的時(shí)間比較長(zhǎng)，依賴(lài)于專(zhuān)業(yè)程序員和特定的編程語(yǔ)言。由于 LabVIEW 的開(kāi)放性和圖形化編程方式，溫度計(jì)量工程師只需 懂得一些基本編程知識(shí)，便可以對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)測(cè)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。因此，本文提出了基于 LabVIEW 平臺(tái)的 熱電偶 檢定爐溫度 自動(dòng) 控制 系統(tǒng)。 主要分析了熱電偶的工作原理、熱電偶的檢定 及檢定過(guò)程中 檢定爐的溫度控制 ， 根據(jù)檢定爐溫度特性，運(yùn)用了傳統(tǒng)的 PID控制方案，進(jìn)行 熱電偶 檢定爐溫度控制 系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，包括數(shù)據(jù)采集、溫 度控制、數(shù)據(jù)處理 等功能。 關(guān)鍵詞： 熱電偶 ； 虛擬儀器 ； LABVIEW；檢定爐； 自動(dòng)控制 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)（畢業(yè) 論文 ） Intelligent temperature Control system of Assay furnace based on Virtual instrument Abstract In the use of the thermocouple, due to the environment, media atmosphere, the temperature used and the impact of sewage stations in pipe insulation and protection materials. after we use it for a period of time, the thermoelectric properties of which will change, especially in the hightemperature, corrosive atmosphere, as well as in the special conditions,and we will find that the influence is even more serious. Therefore, we must test it in accordance with national regulations and regulatory requirements for a period time. Over the last decade, both at home and abroad, a lot of research in achieving test automation of thermocouple has been done, which has made significant progress. Due to the openness and graphical programming approach of LabVIEW, engineers in temperature measurement only need to know some basic programming knowledge, the they will be able to design monitoring and control system. Therefore, in this paper,we made the automatic control system in thermocouple temperature test furnace based on the LabVIEW platform. We make a main analysis of the working principle, the test of the thermocouple, and the temperature control in the process of being tested. according to the characteristics of temperature in furnace, we use the traditional PID control program, and design the software in temperature test system of thermocouple, including data acquisition, temperature control, data processing functions. Key Words: thermocouple。virtual intrument。LabVIEW。assay furnace。intelligent control 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)（畢業(yè) 論文 ） 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... I Abstract....................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................................................. 1 研究背景 ..................................................................................................................... 1 本設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)和要求 ................................................................................................. 4 第二章 虛擬儀器概述 .............................................................................................................. 6 虛擬儀器的基本知識(shí) ................................................................................................. 6 虛擬儀器的概念 .............................................................................................. 6 虛擬儀器的發(fā)展 .............................................................................................. 6 虛擬儀器的組成 ......................................................................................................... 8 通用儀器硬件平臺(tái) .......................................................................................... 8 虛擬儀器與傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 ........................................................................ 10 虛擬儀器的廣泛應(yīng)用 .................................................................................... 12 虛擬儀器的開(kāi)發(fā)平臺(tái) —— LabVIEW ....................................................................... 13 第三章 熱電偶檢定爐控制過(guò)程 ............................................................................................ 17 熱電偶概述 ............................................................................................................... 17 熱電偶的結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................ 17 熱電偶誤差的產(chǎn)生 ........................................................................................ 18 熱電偶的工作原理 ................................................................................................... 19 熱電偶的檢定 ........................................................................................................... 21 檢定爐溫度控制過(guò)程的總體設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................... 22 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 說(shuō)明書(shū)（畢業(yè) 論文 ） 檢定爐溫度控制的選擇 ................................................................................ 22 檢定爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則 .................................................................... 24 檢定爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)軟件分析 ............................................................ 25 被控對(duì)象數(shù)學(xué)建模 ................................................................................................... 26 第四章 檢定爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的硬件組成與實(shí)現(xiàn) ................................................................ 29 系統(tǒng)的硬件組成 ....................................................................................................... 29 檢定爐溫度控制部分硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................... 30 數(shù)據(jù)采集部分硬件組成 ........................................................................................... 30 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊 ................................................................................................ 30 信號(hào)調(diào)理模塊 ................................................................................................ 33 第五章 檢定爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 34 PID 控制部分 ............................................................................................