module6sectionⅳgrammarwriting(已修改)
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【正文】 語法講座 寫作講座 考點(diǎn)精析 專題練習(xí) 佳作觀摩 技法指導(dǎo) 專題練習(xí) Module 6 The World39。s Cultural Heritage Section Ⅳ Grammar amp。 Writing 一、虛擬語氣 1． 定義： 虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)、懷 疑、建議和猜測(cè)等，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。 2． 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣用于主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中，?？杀硎疽?、建議、命令、提議、意愿等。虛擬語氣往往由“ (should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。 (1)賓語從句 賓語從句常用虛擬語氣的動(dòng)詞： 一堅(jiān)持 → insist 二命令 → order, mand 三建議 → suggest, advise, remend 四要求 → require, request, demand, desire He ordered that the students (should) wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他命令學(xué)生們每周都要自己洗衣服。 The doctor suggested that we (should) take more exercise. 醫(yī)生建議我們要多運(yùn)動(dòng)。 [點(diǎn)津 ] 當(dāng) insist 意為 “ 堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為 ” ， suggest意為 “ 表明，暗示 ” 時(shí)，后面賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞不用虛擬語氣。 We insist that you (should) accept these gifts. 我們堅(jiān)決要求你收下這些禮物。 He insisted that he had done right. 他堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為自己做對(duì)了。 I suggested to him that we should tackle the problem another way. 我向他建議我們用另一種方式處理這個(gè)問題。 His cool response suggested that he didn39。t like the idea. 他冷淡的反應(yīng)表明他并不喜歡這個(gè)主意。 動(dòng)詞 wish后的賓語從句 在表示愿望的動(dòng)詞 wish后的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣 (wish后的 that常省略 )。根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)，從句謂語時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)退后一位。具體用法見下表： wish (that)... did (be 用 were) 表示現(xiàn)在的愿望 would/could＋ do 表示將來的愿望 had done 表示過去的愿望 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一樣高。 We wish we had studied more hard when at school. 我們上學(xué)時(shí)能學(xué)得再努力一點(diǎn)就好了。 I wish I could fly to the moon one day. 我希望有一天我會(huì)飛到月球上去。 [考題印證 1] (2020北京高考 )—Where are the children? The dinner39。s going to be pletely ruined. —I wish they ______ always late. A． weren39。t B． hadn39。t been C． wouldn39。t be D． wouldn39。t have been 解析： 選 ?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)問句句意 “ 孩子們現(xiàn)在在哪里？ ” 可知 wish 后的賓語從句應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去式，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，故答案為 A。 A would rather后的賓語從句 在 would rather后面所跟的從句中也可用虛擬語氣表示愿望，意為“寧愿，但愿”。其形式為： would rather＋主語＋動(dòng)詞過去式 表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿? would rather＋主語＋ had＋動(dòng)詞過去分詞 表示過去的愿望 I would rather it were winter now. 我寧愿現(xiàn)在是冬天。 I would rather you came on Sunday. 希望你星期天來。 I would like you had done the work before. 我希望你以前做過這項(xiàng)工作。 (2)主語從句 在句型 “ It
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