7消費(fèi)者、生產(chǎn)者與市場效率(曼昆經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理微觀)(已修改)
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【正文】 7消費(fèi)者、生產(chǎn)者與市場效率169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.Premium PowerPoint Slides by Ron Cronovich2023 UPDATE .曼昆 著經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理第六版169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.1*本章我們將探索這些問題的答案 :? 什么是消費(fèi)者剩余？它與需求曲線有什么聯(lián)系？? 什么是生產(chǎn)者剩余？它與供給曲線有什么聯(lián)系？? 市場能使資源達(dá)到合意的配置嗎？還是市場結(jié)果有改善的余地？169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.2*福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)167。 資源配置涉及下述問題：167。 每種物品分別生產(chǎn)多少？167。 誰生產(chǎn)它們？167。 誰消費(fèi)它們？167。 福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)： 研究資源配置如何影響經(jīng)濟(jì)福利的一門學(xué)問167。 首先，我們來看看消費(fèi)者的福利169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.3*支付意愿 一個(gè)買者對一種物品的支付意愿是他愿意為這種物品支付的最高量支付意愿衡量買者對于物品的評價(jià)人名 支付意愿Anthony $250Chad 175Flea 300John 125例如： 4個(gè)賣者對于一個(gè) iPod的支付意愿169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.4*支付意愿與需求曲線問題 : 如果 iPod的價(jià)格為 $200,，誰會買它？會買多少？A: Anthony 和 Flea會買一個(gè) iPod， Chad和 John不會買因此 , Qd = 2 當(dāng)價(jià)格為 P = $200時(shí)人名 支付意愿Anthony $250Chad 175Flea 300John 125169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.5*支付意愿與需求曲線得出需求表4John, Chad, Anthony, Flea 0 – 1253Chad, Anthony, Flea126 – 1752Anthony, Flea176 – 2501Flea251 – 3000沒人$301 及以 上Qd誰會買P (iPod的價(jià)格 )人名 支付意愿Anthony $250Chad 175Flea 300John 125169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.6*支付意愿與需求曲線PQP Qd$301及以上 0251 – 300 1176 – 250 2126 – 175 3 0 – 125 4169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.7*梯形圖需求曲線看起來像一個(gè)梯形，有四個(gè)臺階 — 每一個(gè)臺階代表一個(gè)買者。PQ如果像在競爭市場那樣有許多買者那就會有很多小的臺階看起來就更像一條光滑的曲線169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.8*支付意愿與需求曲線在任意數(shù)量，需求曲線的高度代表邊界買者的支付意愿邊際買者：指如果價(jià)格再提高一點(diǎn)就首先離開市場的買者PQFlea的支付意愿Anthony的支付意愿Chad的支付意愿 John的支付意愿169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use.9*消費(fèi)者剩余消費(fèi)者剩余： 買者愿意為一種物品支付的量減去其為此實(shí)際支付的量消費(fèi)者剩余 = 支付意愿 – 市場價(jià)格人名 支付意愿Anthony $250Chad 175Flea 300John 125如果 P = $260Flea的消費(fèi)者剩余 = $300 – 260 = $40其他人沒有消費(fèi)者剩余，因?yàn)樗麄儾粫谶@個(gè)價(jià)格下購買 iPod總消費(fèi)者剩余 = $40169。 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordp
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