氣候變化與清潔發(fā)展機制(已修改)
2025-02-16 21:02 本頁面
【正文】 氣候變化與清潔發(fā)展機制 Introduction to Climate Change and the Clean Development Mechanism 中國 CDM能力建設項目培訓講義 Training Material Building Capacity for the CDM in China 1 氣候系統(tǒng) : The climate system 大氣圈、水圈、生物圈和地圈的整體及其相互作用。 The totality of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere and their interaction. 2 溫室氣體效應： Greenhouse Gas Effect 3 氣候變化： Climate change 指除在類似時期內所觀測的氣候的自然變遷之外，由于直接或間 接的人類活動改變了地球大氣的組成而造成的氣候變化。 A change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the position of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over parable time periods. 4 全球氣候變化： Change of Global Temperature 根據(jù)新的證據(jù)以及考慮到不確定因素的情況下，在過去 50年所觀察到的全球變暖是由于溫室氣體濃度的增加而導致 In the light of new evidence and taking into account the remaining uncertainties, most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations Source: IPCC Third Assessment Report 2023 5 氣候變化的影響 ： Climate Change Impacts 6 公約目標： UNFCCC objectives 將大氣中溫室氣體的濃度穩(wěn)定在防止氣候系統(tǒng)受到危險的人為干擾的水平上。這一水平應當在足以使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能夠自然地適應氣候變化，確保糧食生產(chǎn)免受到威脅，并使經(jīng)濟發(fā)展能夠可持續(xù)地進行之時間范圍內實現(xiàn)。 Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner. ARTICLE 2 7 京都議定書： The Kyoto Protocol ? 附件一締約方應該個別地或共同地確保附件 A所列二氧化碳、甲烷等六種受控的溫室氣體排放總量，在 2023年至 2023年的承諾期內比 1990年水平至少減少 ％， The Parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A reduce their overall emissions by at least 5 per cent below 1990 levels in the mitment period 2023 to 2023. Article 3 ? 到 2023年 12月 31日前，附件一締約方應在履行這些承諾方面做出可予證實的進展 Each Party included in Annex I shall, by 2023, have made demonstrable progress in achieving its mitments under this Protocol. 8 附件 一 國家： Annex I countries 附件一（工業(yè)發(fā)達國家） 承諾減排溫室氣體。 Annex I countries (industrialised countries) mited themselves to reduce their GHG emissions Annex I 非附件一國家（發(fā)展中國家） NonAnnex I countries (developing countries) 9 對 工業(yè)國家 要求： The requirements for Annex I countries ?為發(fā)展中國家締約方提供新的和額外的資金 Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred to developing country Parties in plying with their obligations ?幫助特別易受氣候變化不利影響的發(fā)展中國家締約方 Assist the developing country Parti
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