【正文】 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué) 院 自動(dòng)化學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 測控技術(shù)與儀器 班 級 94070101 學(xué) 號 202004071069 姓 名 曹志發(fā) 指導(dǎo)教師 張曉東 負(fù)責(zé)教師 沈陽航空 航天大學(xué) 2020 年 6 月沈陽航空航天大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 摘 要 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)（簡稱 SRD）是隨著電力電子、計(jì)算機(jī)、微電子的迅速發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)的一種新型機(jī)電一體化無級調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，它將開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)、電力電子技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)融合為一體 不僅保持了交流異步電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、堅(jiān)固可靠 和直流電動(dòng)機(jī)可控性好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而且還具有交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)和直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)所無法比擬的顯著特點(diǎn)。論文以三相 12/8 極 SRM 為研究對象，完成了以單片機(jī)為核心組成的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案，系統(tǒng)采用 PWM 控制方式，選用 不對稱半橋式 功率 驅(qū)動(dòng) 器主電路，主開關(guān)器件選用 IGBT，設(shè)計(jì)了以單片機(jī) STC89C52 為核心的控制器，主要對電流檢測、位置檢測、故障保護(hù)和顯示電路等外圍電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，具有過流保護(hù)功能。同時(shí)本設(shè)計(jì)采用了模塊化的編程方法，增強(qiáng)了程序的可讀性和易操作性。 基于開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的準(zhǔn)線性動(dòng)態(tài)模型 ,利用 MATLAB/SIMULINK ,對開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行仿真 。為此系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)打下了基礎(chǔ)。仿真結(jié)果 達(dá)到了預(yù)期的 SRD 控制效果 。 本文用該設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)控制的 模擬 試驗(yàn)， 達(dá)到了初步的實(shí)驗(yàn)效果 ，在軟硬件兩方面為以后開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) 這一課題的 研究進(jìn)行了有益的探索和實(shí)踐。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)；單片機(jī)；功率 驅(qū)動(dòng) 器；調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) II 沈陽航空航天大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） III Design of control system of switched reluctance motor Abstract Switched reluctance motor drive system (Short title SRD) is variable speed system with the development of microelectronics power electronics, puters, the rapid. It switched reluctance motor, power electronics, control technology for the integrated not only maintain the structure of AC induction motor is simple, rugged, reliable and controllable DC motor has a good advantage but also speed AC drive system and DC system Can not match the significant features. Thesis based on threephase 12 / 8 poles SRM as the research object, pleted a microcontroller as the core ponent of the control system design. The system uses the PWM control mode, use Asymmetrical halfbridge power converter main circuit power supply, the main switching devices used IGBT. MCU STC89C52 as the core of the controller. Mainly on the current detection, position detection, fault protection and other peripheral circuits and display circuits were designed, with the flow, overvoltage protection function. The design also uses the modular programming method to enhance the readability and ease of maneuverability. According to the SRM quasilinear dynamic model, based on MATLAB/SIMULINK, a dynamic simulation model of SRM is developed. The simulation results really report work status of SRM. Finally the paper carries on a preliminary experiment of controlling switched reluctance motor with this design, obtains some experimental data and achievements, and provides a useful exploration and practice in the subject of SRD in both software and hardware aspects． Keywords: switched reluctance motor。 SCM。 power converter。 control system 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) IV 符 號 表 iU 第 j 相的端電壓 V J 系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量 N*m jI 第 j 相電流 A LT 負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩 N*m j? 第 j 相的磁鏈 B Hk 霍爾系數(shù) Ω 角速度 rad/s 0? 電流與磁力線的夾角 rad sI 霍爾 LEM 模塊副邊電流 A pI 霍爾 LEM 模塊原邊電流 A ?K 摩擦系數(shù) 沈陽航空航天大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） V 目 錄 1 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)概述 ....................................................................................................... 1 開關(guān) 磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ..................................................................................... 1 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的組成 ............................................................................................. 2 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的性能特點(diǎn) ..................................................................................... 4 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的應(yīng)用場合 ..................................................................................... 5 2 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的原理與控制 ....................................................................................... 7 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)原理 ..................................................................................... 7 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的基本方程 ..................................................................................... 9 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速控制方式 ........................................................................... 11 電流斬波控制（ CCC）方式 ............................................................................ 12 角度位置控制（ APC）方式 ............................................................................ 12 脈寬調(diào)制控制（ PWM）方式 ........................................................................... 13 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的啟動(dòng)與制動(dòng) ............................................................................... 14 開關(guān)磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)與噪聲分析 ............................................................... 14 3 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................. 16 4 信號采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 17 位置信號采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 17 電流信號采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 18 調(diào)速信號采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 21 保護(hù)電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 21 5 驅(qū)動(dòng) 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................. 22 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 22 開關(guān)器件的選擇 ...................................................................................................... 24 6 主控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................. 25 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng) .............................................................................................................. 25 信號邏輯處理電路 .................................................................................................. 25 速度顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 26