【正文】 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 摘要 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) （論 文） 題目：基于 CAN 總線的分布式測量系統(tǒng)研究 英文題目： Study of Distributed Measurement System based on CAN Bus Technology 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 摘要 摘 要 現(xiàn)場總線是連接現(xiàn)場設(shè)備和自動化系統(tǒng)的數(shù)字式、雙向傳輸、多分支結(jié)構(gòu)的通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。它是計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)和控制技術(shù)高度綜合與集成的產(chǎn)物，是一種開放式和分布式的新模式?，F(xiàn)場總線是當(dāng)今自動化領(lǐng)域技術(shù)發(fā)展的熱點(diǎn)之一。 CAN(控制器局域網(wǎng) )屬于現(xiàn)場總線的范疇， 是一種有效支持分布式控制和實(shí)時(shí)控制的串行通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。它特別適合工業(yè)過程監(jiān)控設(shè)備的互連，已被公認(rèn)為是最有前途的現(xiàn)場總線之一。 本文采用 CAN 現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了一種分布式測量控制系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)中采用了計(jì)算機(jī)、控制、通信、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和電路設(shè)計(jì)等多領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)，使系統(tǒng)具有較完備的監(jiān)測功能和控制功能，穩(wěn)定的性能、友好的界面。研究內(nèi)容包括節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件、接口卡硬件研制。 節(jié)點(diǎn)和接口卡硬件的主體部分采用了 PIC16F877 單片機(jī)和 MCP2510CAN 控制器。每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn) 4 路 AD 輸入和 8 路開關(guān)量輸出。在一條總線上最大可掛接 110 個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)，通過接口卡與上位機(jī)進(jìn)行通信。上位機(jī)軟件使用面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)，把節(jié)點(diǎn)映射為節(jié)點(diǎn)類的一個(gè)實(shí)例，對節(jié)點(diǎn)的檢測和控制也映射為對節(jié)點(diǎn)類方法的調(diào)用，所有數(shù)據(jù)和設(shè)置由數(shù)據(jù)庫支撐。通過事件觸發(fā)機(jī)制，實(shí)現(xiàn) CAN 總線上節(jié)點(diǎn)在線加入與移除的動態(tài)檢測。上位機(jī)軟件能實(shí)時(shí)準(zhǔn)確地監(jiān)測 CAN 總線掛接的節(jié)點(diǎn)傳感器，并能查看和打印任意傳感器的歷史曲線。通過調(diào)用節(jié)點(diǎn)類的遠(yuǎn)程控制方法，可以經(jīng)由 CAN 總線對各節(jié)點(diǎn)的 8 路開關(guān)量進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程控制。各節(jié)點(diǎn)傳感器的偏移修正在上位機(jī)上進(jìn)行，克服了在節(jié)點(diǎn)上寫入偏移數(shù)據(jù)不方便，效率較低的缺點(diǎn)。該系統(tǒng)作為一種通用的測量系統(tǒng)，可 以搭配不同的傳感器應(yīng)用于多種場合。 本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面闡述： ●介紹分布式系統(tǒng)、現(xiàn)場總線的概念和特點(diǎn)，并介紹了傳統(tǒng)的 RS232 和 RS485 串行通信標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 ●介紹基于 CAN 現(xiàn)場總線的分布式控制系統(tǒng)接口卡和節(jié)點(diǎn)的電路設(shè)計(jì)和芯片選用。 最后是全文的工作總結(jié)，對系統(tǒng)的完善與相關(guān)理論和技術(shù)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了展望。 關(guān)健詞 ： 現(xiàn)場總線； CAN； 分布式測量系統(tǒng)； PIC 單片機(jī)； MCP2510CAN 控制器 東華理工大學(xué) 長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） Abstract Abstract Field bus is a digital,bidirectional and multibranch munication work thatconnects field equipments and automatic a product integrating technology of puter,munication and control,the field bus featured with opening anddistribution has been one of the key technologies in modern automatism field. As one of the field buses,CAN(Controller Area Network)is a serial munication work that supports distributed and real time control very fits interlinkage of monitor and control equipments in industry process and has been well accepted as the most perspective field bus. A distributed measurement and control system was developed based on CAN field technologies in some fields including puter,control,munication,work and circuit design were used which enable a paratively rich functions inmonitor and control,in addition to stable performance and friendly includes the research on hardware of node and CANPC interface card,software both running on node and interface card. PIC16F877 single chip puter and MCP2510 CAN controller are the mainelements of Node and Interface node has 4 AD inputs and 8 switch outputs. The maximum 110 nodes on a CAN bus municate with PC through interface card. Monitor and control software running on PC is designed with objectoriented method. The physical existed node is mapped to an instance of node class,so the monitor and control to node are also mapped as the calling of node class’s data and setting are supported by function of online adding and removing of nodes on CAN bus are achieved by event trigger PC software can monitor all ensors and can show,print the history curves of software also can control the 8 switches of all nodes by call the remote control method of node adjustment of sensor is implemented in PC instead of node that overes the disadvantages of inconveniency and inefficiency of writing adjustment data to node. This system is a universe product that can be used in varied situation with different sensors. The main content of this thesis is as following: 東華理工大學(xué) 長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） Abstract ● In the first chapter of this paper,the conceptions and features of distributed system, field buses are traditional RS232 and RS485 serial munication standard are also discussed in this chapter. ● In the second chapter,the circuits design and chips selection of bothinterface card and node. In the final part of this paper,a summary of the project is issues abouthow to perfect this system and development of relative theory and technology are alsobeen discussed. Keywords:Field bus； CAN； Distributed Measurement Control System； PIC single chipComputer； MCP2510 CAN Controller 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 目錄 目 錄 緒論 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 CAN總線在我國的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................ 1 課題研究的目的和意義 ..................................................................................................... 1 1 CAN總線的介紹 ................................................................................................................. 3 CAN總線的歷史 ....................................................................................................... 3 分布式系統(tǒng)及現(xiàn)場總線的發(fā)展 ................................................................................ 4 分布式系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 .......................................................................................... 4 現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)的發(fā)展 ...................................................................................... 4 現(xiàn)場總線系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn) ................................................................................................ 5 現(xiàn)場總線系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) .............................................................................. 5 現(xiàn)場總線系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)特點(diǎn) .............................................................................. 5 現(xiàn)場總線的優(yōu)點(diǎn) .............................................................................................. 6 CAN與其他幾種現(xiàn)場總線的比較 ........................................................................... 7 CAN總線技術(shù)在多方面的應(yīng)用 ............................................................................. 10 本文研究的內(nèi)容 ...................................................................................................... 11 2 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................................