【正文】 基于 單片機(jī)的血糖檢測(cè)儀 學(xué)生專(zhuān)業(yè)： 測(cè)控技術(shù)與儀器 學(xué)生姓名： 導(dǎo)師姓名： I 摘 要 基于單片機(jī)的便攜式血糖檢測(cè)儀就是針對(duì)于患者在家測(cè)血糖而研制的一種家用醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品。 本文以單片機(jī)為核心，設(shè)計(jì)一種便攜式血糖濃度檢測(cè)儀表。由于血糖濃度檢測(cè)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的電流是極其微弱的，在本文中 將 重點(diǎn)分析了弱電流信號(hào)的檢測(cè)方法。而且在硬件上還要實(shí)現(xiàn)低功耗設(shè)計(jì)，延長(zhǎng)儀器電池供電情況下的工作時(shí)間和使用壽命。在硬件設(shè)計(jì)上根據(jù)具體需要來(lái)進(jìn)行了硬件選型和電路設(shè)計(jì)，其中包括 MCU 模 塊、弱電流檢測(cè)模塊、 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、顯示模塊等。為實(shí)現(xiàn)血糖儀的功能，系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)了 : 數(shù)據(jù)采集及處理子程序、存儲(chǔ)子程序、 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換子程序等。設(shè)計(jì)完成的儀表具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確方便的特點(diǎn)，是糖尿病患者自己進(jìn)行血糖測(cè)試的理想儀器。 關(guān)鍵詞 單片機(jī) 血糖檢測(cè) 酶電極 便攜式 低功耗 II Abstract Portable blood glucose meter based on single chip microputer is developed for patients to measure blood sugar at home a household medical products. Based on single chip microputer as the core, the design of a portable blood glucose concentration detection instrument. Due to blood sugar concentration detection when the electric current is extremely weak, are also analyzed in this paper, the weak current signal detection method. And to achieve low power design on hardware, extend the instrument work time and service life of the battery case. According to the specific needs in the hardware design for the hardware selection and circuit design, including MCU module, low current detection module, A/D conversion module, display module, etc. To achieve the function of the glucose meter, the system software design: data acquisition and processing, storage, subroutine subroutine, A/D conversion subroutine, etc. Design of the instrument has the characteristics of simple operation, measurement is accurate, convenient, is an ideal instrument to diabetics themselves blood sugar test. Key words MCU Blood glucose testing Enzyme electrode portable Low power consumption III 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................................................................. I Abstract............................................................................................................... II 目 錄 ............................................................................................................... III 第 1 章 緒 論 .................................................................................................... 1 選題背景 ............................................................................................. 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................ 2 血糖儀的分類(lèi) ..................................................................................... 4 本文所做的工作 ................................................................................ 5 第 2 章 血糖儀的方案設(shè)計(jì)與選型 ................................................................. 7 儀表原理與方案設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................... 7 主要技術(shù)指標(biāo) .......................................................................... 7 血糖儀工作原理 ..................................................................... 8 儀表方案設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 8 MCU 模塊選型 ................................................................................... 9 傳感器選型 ........................................................................................11 葡萄糖濃度傳感器 .................................................................11 溫度傳感器 ............................................................................ 12 時(shí)鐘芯片選型 .................................................................................. 13 串行芯片選型 .................................................................................. 13 LCD 顯示器選型 .............................................................................. 14 第 3 章 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................ 15 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) .............................................................................. 15 電流檢測(cè)電路 .................................................................................. 16 弱電流放大電路 .................................................................... 16 血糖傳感器接口電路設(shè)計(jì) .................................................. 19 電源控制和按鍵處理電 路 .............................................................. 20 電源控制電路 ....................................................................... 20 按鍵處理電路 ....................................................................... 21 IV 溫度傳感器接口電路 ...................................................................... 22 時(shí)鐘及存儲(chǔ)控制電路 ...................................................................... 23 時(shí)鐘電路 ............................................................................... 23 存儲(chǔ)電路 ............................................................................... 25 LCD 顯示接口電路 .......................................................................... 26 串行通信接口電路 .......................................................................... 27 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 29 軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 29 子程序設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 31 系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)機(jī)和關(guān)機(jī) ............................................................... 31 修改參數(shù)設(shè)置子程序 ........................................................... 33 檢測(cè)及數(shù)據(jù)處理子程序 ...................................................... 34 血量檢測(cè)子程序 ................................................................... 36 儀表的低功耗設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 38 第 5 章 儀表的抗干擾設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................... 40 儀表干擾源的分析 .......................................................................... 40 濾波電路的設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................