【正文】 摘 要《野性的呼喚》是杰克倫敦的第一本暢銷書，也是二十世紀(jì)早期美國最受歡迎的小說之一。這是一部使作者享譽文壇的作品，雖然它只有簡單的情節(jié)但是它被看作是美國文壇的典范。文章生動地分析了杰克倫敦作品主題的特點，那就是對人與自然沖突的描寫。就《野性的呼喚》這本書來說，它的主人公巴克最終的回歸行為是作者渴望自由的象征，也是在當(dāng)時社會環(huán)境下受壓迫人們的迫切愿望。它指出了作者的寫作思想，那就是人們在與自然斗爭中展示出的堅強意志。本文試圖通過剖析作品的幾大主題—回歸自然，適者生存，社會生活的折射，抗?fàn)幘窈腿说乐髁x，以揭示其主體的深刻內(nèi)涵，從而探尋其長盛不衰的藝術(shù)魅力。該篇論文深刻分析了“回歸”的含義，在對原著透徹理解的基礎(chǔ)上闡述了環(huán)境對人類的重要性，揭示了主題。關(guān)鍵詞： 野性的呼喚；自由；回歸；AbstractThe Call of the Wild is the first seller of Jack London, one of the best novels in the early twentieth–century America. It was this book that made its author famous in the republic of letters. Although it has a simple plot, it is considered as a classic of American literature. The article vividly analyzes the characteristics of Jack London’s writing theme that is the description of the conflicts between nature and human. Based on The Call of the Wild，the behavior of its protagonist Buck’s final return is the symbol of yearning for freedom of the author as well as the urgent aspiration of people who were repressed at the social circumstance of that time. It points out the author’s writing thoughts, that human show how strong they are in their fight against nature. This thesis undertakes an attempt to dissect its themes—back to the nature, the survival of the fittest, the refraction of social life, struggles of the oppressed and humanitarianism so as to disclose the multiplicity of the theme in it.This thesis analyzes the connotation of “return” deeply. Basing on the thorough understanding of the novel, this thesis expounds the importance of environment to human beings, and reveals the theme. Key words：The Call of the Wild。 freedom。 returnContentsChapter 1 Introduction 1Chapter 2 Leaving home to the wild 3 Falling into cheat and leaving home 3 Unable to get away from the club 3 Going into the wild 4Chapter 3 A painful struggle 5 The initial practice 5 The tribulation of the survival 5 Following the law of the club and tooth 5 Bee a leader 6 For the love of his benefactor 7 The last choice 8Chapter 4 Buck’s gains 9 How to bee a sledge dog 9 How to live in the north 9 How to repay an obligation 10 The cruel circumstance 10Chapter 5 Conclusion 12References 17Acknowledgements 18Chapter 1 IntroductionThe most famous novel about the animal from the American famous novelist Jack London (18761916) is The Call of the Wild. It is one of the masterpieces of the great American writer Jack London, and it has always been my favorite novel. It apparently is a dog’s story. In the deep part, London makes a reflection of the real human life through Buck’s life. He treats animals like human beings and human beings are just like animals, recognizing no essential difference between man and animal. Jack London’s uncanny understanding of animal and human natures give this novel a striking vitality and power. After reading it, people could not help pondering over his own life and thinking about what is the real meaning of human nature that always resounds in the inner heart like the Wild appealing Buck to return to its arms. Buck’s story in fact is a human’s life story. Some interesting parisons will show how amazingly similar these two worlds are, and some inspirations can be drawn from this allegoric story. One of the characteristics of his novel lies in their themes, especially focusing on the fight between the human and the nature and his expression of respect for human’s strong will in these fights. But his novel stands out among all this kind of human—nature conflict stories because he is clever enough to make cruel story interesting and plotting. In this novel, the whole story is based on a smart dog, Buck, which makes it fresh beyond the outlook of a dog and the mon description of it. This is a story that takes place in the original wilderness of the backland snow and icebound in North America, describing a dog who named Buck to be drawn in the wave of gold rush in Alaska. He experiences various sufferings struck with soul—stirring, and be caused to remember his ancestry by instinct in the howl. Generally, the original innate wild of the wolf has revived in his deep soul. Finally, under the lure of the wolf, the wildness in the untamed nature brought to his life little by little and his social return to the nature from the civilization. Although the novel describes a dog, it gives the dog with the innate intelligence, using “he” and “they” to call them pletely. The purpose lies in being reflected the pathetic life of the labor people in a capitalism society by the career of a dog, expressing the strong wild that they resist the exploitation and oppression and look forward to the freedom. Not only does the story tell that the hero returns to the great universe, but also it emphasizes the process that his soul returns to the wild. Use a new writing skill to announce the topic of the returning.This novel has 7 chapters. The launch, development and the end of the story is by the clues of the living environment and mind variety of Buck. It can be divided into four importance parts: ⑴Buck was born in Judge Miller’s house in the sunny valley of Santa Clara in Southern and he had the fortable life but because of the pan for gold, he was thrown into the abyss of pain and sufferings。 ⑵ The difficult life after Buck bee a sledge dog and the maltreatment which he was subjected and his resists。 ⑶The fights between dog and dog and finally Buck acquired the master policy。 ⑷ Buck ruptured the relation to the person’s at last, and the call of the wild makes him bring his life to the untamed nature, being one member of wolves. Chapter 2 Leaving home to the wild Falling into cheat and leaving homeFirst, in the life of the first four years, Buck was in Judge Miller’s official residence with satisfied food all day long and did nothing day by day. He received the great favors fully, did not contend for the life with anyone, and did not need to rush out to work hard at the chores.