【正文】 采用半屋內(nèi) GIS 配電裝置的 TQ 化肥廠 110kV 降壓變電所設(shè)計(jì)I摘要變電站是電力系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，它直接影響整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)的安全與經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行，是聯(lián)系發(fā)電廠和用戶的中間環(huán)節(jié)，起著變換和分配電能的作用。電氣主接線是發(fā)電廠變電所的主要環(huán)節(jié)，電氣主接線的擬定直接關(guān)系著全所電氣設(shè)備的選擇、配電裝置的布置、繼電保護(hù)和自動(dòng)裝置的確定，是變電站電氣部分投資大小的決定性因素。本次設(shè)計(jì)建設(shè)一座采用屋內(nèi) GIS 配電裝置的 TQ 化肥廠 110kV 降壓變電所。首先，根據(jù)主接線的經(jīng)濟(jì)可靠、運(yùn)行靈活的要求選擇各個(gè)電壓等級(jí)的接線方式，在技術(shù)方面和經(jīng)濟(jì)方面進(jìn)行比較，選取靈活的最優(yōu)接線方式。其次進(jìn)行短路電流計(jì)算，根據(jù)各短路點(diǎn)計(jì)算出各點(diǎn)短路穩(wěn)態(tài)電流和短路沖擊電流，從三相短路計(jì)算中得到當(dāng)短路發(fā)生在各電壓等級(jí)的工作母線時(shí)，其短路穩(wěn)態(tài)電流和沖擊電流的值。最后，根據(jù)各電壓等級(jí)的額定電壓和最大持續(xù)工作電流進(jìn)行設(shè)備選擇，然后進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)。同時(shí)在設(shè)計(jì)過程中還要進(jìn)行主變繼電保護(hù)的整定計(jì)算和防雷保護(hù)的設(shè)計(jì)，以保證本變電所能可靠安全的運(yùn)行。關(guān)鍵詞：降壓變電所 變壓器 電氣主接線 短路電流 設(shè)備選擇 防雷 繼電保護(hù)鄭州大學(xué)電氣工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）IIAbstractSubstation is an important part of the power system, which directly affects the entire power system39。s security and economic operation. It’s the middle part to contact power plants and the user, which plays the role of transformation and distribution of electric energy. Electrical power main connection is the major ponent of plant substation. The development of main power line is directly related to the choice of all the electrical equipment, power distribution equipment layout, relay protection and automatic device identification, which is part of the size of investment of the electrical substation decisive factor.This design is a power distribution with the house39。s TQ GIS 110kV stepdown substation for fertilizer plant. First, according to the economic and reliable operation and flexible requirements of the main power line it will select various voltage levels of wiring, and after technical and economic aspects in the parison, the optimal flexible wiring should be selected.Second, the shortcircuit current calculates. According to the points it calculates short circuit current and steadystate impact of shortcircuit current , and its steadystate current and the impact of shortcircuit current value is obtained from the threephase shortcircuit calculation when shortcircuit occurs in the working bus of every voltage level.Finally, according to the voltage level of the rated voltage and maximum continuous operating current, equipment will be selected, and then checked.At the same time in the design process the main transformer’s relay protection setting calculation and design of lightning protection will be done to ensure the safety of the reliable operation of substation.Keywords： Stepdown substation Transformer Electrical power main connection Shortcircuit current Equipment selection Lightning protection Relay protection采用半屋內(nèi) GIS 配電裝置的 TQ 化肥廠 110kV 降壓變電所設(shè)計(jì)III前言經(jīng)過三年的系理論知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)及各種實(shí)習(xí)操作，并在老師精心培育下，對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)各部分有了初步的認(rèn)識(shí)與了解。在認(rèn)真閱讀原始材料，分析材料，參考閱讀《電力系統(tǒng)分析》 、 《發(fā)電廠電氣主系統(tǒng)》和《電力系統(tǒng)繼電保護(hù)》以及《高電壓技術(shù)》等書籍，在指導(dǎo)老師的指導(dǎo)下，經(jīng)過周密的計(jì)算和系統(tǒng)的分析，完成了此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)，通過設(shè)計(jì)可以鞏固各課程理論知識(shí)，了解變電所設(shè)計(jì)的基本方法，了解變電所電能分配等各種實(shí)際問題，培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立分析和解決實(shí)際工程技術(shù)問題的能力，同時(shí)對(duì)電力工業(yè)的有關(guān)政策、方針、技術(shù)規(guī)程有一定的了解，在計(jì)算繪圖、編號(hào)、設(shè)計(jì)說明書等方面得到訓(xùn)練，為今后從事供電技術(shù)工作奠定基礎(chǔ)。鄭州大學(xué)電氣工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）IV目錄摘要 ...................................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................Ⅱ前言 .................................................................................................................................III1 緒論...............................................................................................................................12 負(fù)荷分析計(jì)算及主變選擇...........................................................................................23 電氣主接線設(shè)計(jì)...........................................................................................................7 對(duì)電氣主接線的基本要求 ........................................................................................7 對(duì)電氣主接線方案的初步設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................7 幾種方案的比較及最終接線 ..................................................................................94 短路電流計(jì)算.............................................................................................................11 畫等值電路 ..............................................................................................................11 計(jì)算短路電流 ..........................................................................................................12 短路電流計(jì)算結(jié)果匯總 ........................................................................................145 配電裝置的配置及主要電氣設(shè)備的選擇.................................................................15 配電裝置的配置 ....................................................................................................15 選擇導(dǎo)體和電氣設(shè)備的一般原則 ........................................................................16 110KV 半屋內(nèi) GIS 配電裝置的選擇 ...................................................................19 6KV 高壓開關(guān)柜的選擇 ........................................................................................216 電氣總平面布置設(shè)計(jì).................................................................................................317 防雷保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................................................348 繼電保護(hù)整定及配置.................................................................................................38結(jié)論.................................................................................................................................45謝辭.................................................................................................................................46參考文獻(xiàn).........................................................................................................................47采用半屋內(nèi) GIS 配電裝置的 TQ 化肥廠 110kV 降壓變電所設(shè)計(jì) 1 1 緒論電力負(fù)荷按其重要性可分為三類。一級(jí)負(fù)荷：中斷供電將造成人身傷亡或重大設(shè)備損壞，且難以挽回，帶來極大的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)損失者屬于一級(jí)負(fù)荷。一級(jí)負(fù)荷要求有兩個(gè)獨(dú)立電源供電。二級(jí)負(fù)荷：中斷供電將造成設(shè)備局部破壞或生產(chǎn)流程紊亂，且較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能修復(fù)或大量產(chǎn)品報(bào)廢，重要產(chǎn)品大量減產(chǎn)，屬于二級(jí)負(fù)荷。二級(jí)負(fù)荷應(yīng)由兩回線供電。但當(dāng)兩回線路有困難時(shí)（如邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)） ，允許有一回專用架空線路供電。三級(jí)負(fù)荷：不屬于一級(jí)和二級(jí)的一般電力負(fù)荷。三級(jí)負(fù)荷對(duì)供電無特殊要求，允許較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間停電，可用單回線路供電。在設(shè)計(jì)主接線時(shí)，對(duì)于一類負(fù)荷必須要兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的電源供電，并且當(dāng)任何一個(gè)電源失去后，能保證對(duì)全部一類