【正文】 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書專業(yè)班級(jí) 學(xué)生姓名 一、題目 二、起止日期 年 月 日至 年 月 日三、主要任務(wù)與要求 指導(dǎo)教師 職稱 學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 簽字（蓋章）年 月 日 4 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）評(píng)閱人評(píng)語(yǔ)題目 評(píng) 閱 人 職稱 工作單位 年 月 日河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）評(píng)定書題目 指導(dǎo)教師 職稱 年 月 日河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯許可證答辯前向畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)答辯委員會(huì)（小組）提交了如下資料：設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說明 共 頁(yè)圖紙 共 張指導(dǎo)教師意見 共 頁(yè)評(píng)閱人意見 共 頁(yè)經(jīng)審查， 專業(yè) 班 同學(xué)所提交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文），符合學(xué)校本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的相關(guān)規(guī)定，達(dá)到畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）任務(wù)書的要求，根據(jù)學(xué)校教學(xué)管理的有關(guān)規(guī)定，同意參加畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯。 指導(dǎo)教師 簽字（蓋章）年 月 日根據(jù)審查，準(zhǔn)予參加答辯。答辯委員會(huì)主席（組長(zhǎng)） 簽字（蓋章） 年 月 日河南理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯委員會(huì)（小組）決議 學(xué)院 專業(yè) 班 同學(xué)的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）于 年 月 日進(jìn)行了答辯。根據(jù)學(xué)生所提供的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）材料、指導(dǎo)教師和評(píng)閱人意見以及在答辯過程中學(xué)生回答問題的情況，畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）答辯委員會(huì)（小組）做出如下決議。一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的總評(píng)語(yǔ)二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的總評(píng)成績(jī)： 三、答辯組組長(zhǎng)簽名：答辯組成員簽名：答辯委員會(huì)主席： 簽字（蓋章）年 月 日46摘 要本文在X5032數(shù)控銑床改造設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)主要從經(jīng)濟(jì)性、方便性、實(shí)用性、可靠性四方面因素出發(fā)，對(duì)X5032型銑床進(jìn)行了數(shù)控銑床主傳動(dòng)機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。使改造后的機(jī)床的機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部分具有高靜態(tài)、動(dòng)態(tài)剛度；運(yùn)動(dòng)副之問的摩擦因數(shù)小，傳動(dòng)無(wú)間隙；功率大；便于操作和維修。改造后的數(shù)控銑床可以實(shí)現(xiàn)主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)電機(jī)正、反轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)速分為兩檔，并在各檔內(nèi)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速；可以在平面或空問范圍內(nèi)按設(shè)定曲線(直線、圓弧等)恒速或變速運(yùn)行；可以實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)值的任意設(shè)定并顯示；可以實(shí)現(xiàn)輔助控制系統(tǒng)的任意起停和故障報(bào)警；可以實(shí)現(xiàn)與上位機(jī)的通訊。X5032數(shù)控銑床機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)包括伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算，絲杠螺母副的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算，主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)計(jì)算，主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。進(jìn)給傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中，全部拆除縱向、橫向、垂向進(jìn)給箱齒輪，拆除縱向、橫向、垂向進(jìn)給手柄，在該處將手輪軸通過一對(duì)減速齒輪和縱向、橫向及垂向步進(jìn)電機(jī)相連。絲杠拆去，換上滾珠絲杠，并由齒輪箱與滾珠絲杠連接，改造后的X5032銑床的定位精度為177。，重復(fù)定位精度為177。X、Y電機(jī)能夠拖動(dòng)工作臺(tái)以63200r／min的切削進(jìn)給速度進(jìn)行X向、Y向運(yùn)動(dòng)，Z相電機(jī)能使主軸箱獲得31600r／min的進(jìn)給速度。主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)拆除機(jī)床主軸，重新設(shè)計(jì)主軸。為了保證主軸在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)有準(zhǔn)確的定位，安裝主傳動(dòng)的定位檢測(cè)裝置。采用電氣式主軸準(zhǔn)停裝置，利用磁力傳感器檢測(cè)定位。只要數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)出指令信號(hào)，主軸就可以準(zhǔn)確的定位。將主傳動(dòng)改為采用變頻交流電動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速。低檔轉(zhuǎn)速為2701500r/min，高檔轉(zhuǎn)速為15004500r/min，在各檔內(nèi)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速。與原立式銑床的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)相比比較簡(jiǎn)單，這是因?yàn)樽兯俟δ苋炕虼蟛糠钟芍鬏S電動(dòng)機(jī)的無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速來承擔(dān)，省去了復(fù)雜的齒輪變速機(jī)構(gòu)，主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)開環(huán)控制的交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)，通過軟件來實(shí)現(xiàn)它的調(diào)速。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)基于單片機(jī)的采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)字型控制系統(tǒng)。采用較小體積的單片機(jī)來實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜的邏輯功能，充分利用中斷及第二功能口，使端口的利用程度達(dá)到最大，使整體結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。系統(tǒng)從總體上分為人機(jī)界面模塊、坐標(biāo)進(jìn)給模塊、變頻調(diào)速控制模塊、串行通信模塊、液壓系統(tǒng)、冷卻系統(tǒng)、潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)及基于89C58單片機(jī)的主控模塊?？朔藗鹘y(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的缺點(diǎn)，具有編程靈活，自由度大，可用軟件編程實(shí)現(xiàn)各種復(fù)雜的邏輯控制。通過插補(bǔ)算法實(shí)現(xiàn)步進(jìn)電機(jī)的準(zhǔn)確定位以便達(dá)到工件的精確度；通過鍵盤利顯示模塊，實(shí)現(xiàn)了程序的編輯和顯示；通過其他輔助系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)床功能的完善化。關(guān)鍵詞：X5032銑床 數(shù)控變頻調(diào)速 模塊化設(shè)計(jì)AbstractBased on the aspects of the improvement on X5032 milling machine as follows: the Economy, convenience, function and reliability. This dissertation conducts the systematic design，hardware circuit design and software design .These work improve the functions of milling machine on some aspects as follows：The large static and dynamic stiffness of the mechanical drive parts，the little friction factor of the motion pairs，no clearance in driving，the large power and the convenient operation and maintenance . The improved milling machine have some special functions as follows：the program store and pile，the backward and forward rotate of main Drive system, the two grades rotating speed which has continuous speed variation with in each grade，the operation in variable or constant speed according to the setting curve in the area of plane and space ,the random setting value and display data , the flee startstop and the failure alarm and the munication with the master puter.The system design of X5032 numerical machine39。s mechanical include the design and the calculation of the servo drive system, of the lead screw nut pair, parameters calculation of the main drive system, and its structure design. in the design of the feed motion39。s drive system ,it should be removed that all the longitudinal and the traverse and the vertical feed change gears. Joint the handle wheel axle with the vertical stepping motor through a pair of reduction gear there. The ball screw is used instead of the leads crew, which is connected with the gearbox. Accuracy of position of the improved X032 milling machine is 177。,its precision of repeat ability is177。 motors for X and Y directions are able to draw the working table to have cutting and feeding motion in X and Y directions in the speed of 63200r/min．The main axle box is enabled to acquire a feed speed of 31600r/min .given by motor for Z direction. During the design of the main drive system, the machine39。s main axle is removed and redesigned. In order to ensure the main axle39。s accuracy of position in the motion. The main drive39。s localization checking device should be installed. In this way, making use of the electrical main axle39。s stop device，and the magnetic sensor will check localization. The main axle39。s accurate localization is to be realized, As soon as the numerical control system sends the instruction signals. The frequency conversion and alternating current motor is substituted with step less speed regulation to the main drive. Rotation speed of lower grade is 1583r/min and higher grade834500r/min．Step less speed regulation can be realized within all the grades. Compared to the mechanical structure of the original upright milling Machine, it is suppleness, because the function of speed conversion is taken mainly or all by main axle motor39。s step less speed regulation, which skips the plicated gear wheel39。s speed conversion structure. The main drive system is a system of alternating current and frequency conversion controlled by open loop, whose speed regulation is done by software. The numerical system is a data control system designed by model block based on single chip microputer The s