【正文】
高中英語(yǔ)五大 基本句型 一、句子成分: ? 定義 : 構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分 。 ? 主要成分 : 主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ) ? 其他成分 : 賓語(yǔ) 、 定語(yǔ) 、 狀語(yǔ) 、 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)( 賓補(bǔ) ) 、 表語(yǔ) 、 同位語(yǔ) 。 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主語(yǔ) ↓ 謂 語(yǔ) ↓ 定語(yǔ) ↓ 賓 語(yǔ) ↓ 同位語(yǔ) ↓ 狀 語(yǔ) ㈠ 主語(yǔ)( subject): 句子說(shuō)明的人或事物 。 ? Jane is good at playing the piano. ? She went out in a hurry. ? To see is to believe. ? Smoking is bad for health. ? The young should respect the old. ? What he has said is true. 找出句中主語(yǔ) The sun rises in the east. (名詞) He likes dancing. (代詞) Twenty years is a short time in history. (數(shù)詞) Seeing is believing. (動(dòng)名詞) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主語(yǔ)從句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. ( It形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ)) ㈡ 謂語(yǔ): 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和 特征 。 ? 簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ) : 由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成: ? I saw the flag on the top of the hill. ? He looked after two orphans. ? 復(fù)合謂語(yǔ) : 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞 +動(dòng)詞 。 ? He can speak English well. ? He has caught a bad cold. ? She doesn’t seem to like dancing. ? The little girl is drawing a picture. ( 三 ) 賓語(yǔ) 動(dòng)作的 對(duì)象或 承受者 —— 及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)分為 直接賓語(yǔ) 和 間接賓語(yǔ) .直接賓語(yǔ)指物 ,間接賓語(yǔ)指人 . ? He gave me some books. 間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ) ? Please pass me the book. ? He bought me some flowers. ? I like my job. ? I love you. ? He wanted to leave here. ? They enjoyed playing puter games. (四)定語(yǔ) ? 修飾