【正文】 鄭州航空工業(yè)管理學(xué)院畢 業(yè) 論 文（設(shè) 計） 2013 屆 機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 0906063 班級題 目 家用小型玉米脫粒機的設(shè)計 姓 名 學(xué)號 指導(dǎo)教師 職稱 二О一三 年 五 月 十五 日 內(nèi) 容 摘 要 從1785年蘇格蘭人安朱梅克( AndrewMeikle)發(fā)明第一個回轉(zhuǎn)滾筒脫粒裝置以來, 人們對玉米脫粒裝置做了大量的試驗和研究, 不斷開發(fā)出新的玉米脫粒裝置。1815年, 美國開發(fā)出世界上第一臺專用于玉米脫粒的手工操作玉米脫粒機。之后人們對于玉米脫粒裝置的改進一直沒有停止過。上個世紀70年代初期, 我國自行研制的沖擊式原理玉米脫粒機得到了普及應(yīng)用, 當(dāng)時以大、中型脫粒機為主。進入80年代后, 農(nóng)村開始實行家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制, 我國又相繼研發(fā)了沖擊式原理的一系列中、小型玉米脫粒機, 以適應(yīng)農(nóng)戶的生產(chǎn)需要。 隨著社會的發(fā)展，機械化在我國普及的速度很快，由于我國是農(nóng)業(yè)大國而且農(nóng)業(yè)是我國的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)，所以普及機械化對于我過農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的，但是由于我國的農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀，大都屬于小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟，所以決定了在某些方面大型的機械很難普及，所以需要普及一些小型的家用機械。玉米脫粒機就是其中一個很典型的實例，隨著人們的玉米產(chǎn)量的不斷增加，玉米脫粒就成為了一個擺在人們而前的一個問題，人工脫粒太慢，費時間，而且需要的人很多，很不方便，玉米脫粒機的出現(xiàn)，解決了這一問題，需要的人工少，而且主要是工作效率有大大的提高，所以玉米脫粒機是農(nóng)家不可缺少的必備農(nóng)機。玉米脫粒機是玉米脫皮后，經(jīng)過一段時間的風(fēng)干，然后將玉米利用脫粒機使玉米和玉米芯分開，這種機械就是玉米脫粒機。它的工作原理是:玉米脫粒機在進行玉米脫粒時，利用釘齒滾筒回轉(zhuǎn)運動的釘 齒與篩網(wǎng)之間的間隙相配合，使玉米粒拖下(釘齒滾筒和篩網(wǎng)之間的揉搓作用，將玉米粒脫離玉米芯，井借助其他的機械機構(gòu)將玉米粒和玉米芯分別從兩個不同的出口排出機體之外，籽粒由篩孔分離出去，玉米芯從機器尾部排出，玉米絲，皮屑從風(fēng)口排出。循環(huán)脫粒，不斷的進行填入—脫?！懦鰴C體這一循環(huán)。該種機器，脫粒的效率由滾筒的長度和直徑而確定，人們可根據(jù)自己的脫粒效率，合理的選用適當(dāng)?shù)挠衩酌摿C。關(guān)鍵詞玉米脫粒機；脫粒結(jié)構(gòu)；設(shè)計 AbstractIn 1815, the United States developed the world39。s first dedicated to corn threshing handoperated corn thresher. Improvement for corn threshing device after people have never stopped. The early 7039。s of last century, China39。s selfdeveloped impact principle of corn threshing machine is widely used in large, medium, when threshing machine. After entering 80 age, rural began to implement the household contract responsibility system, our country has developed a series of impact principle, small corn thresher, in order to meet the production needs of farmers. With the development of society, the mechanization in China spread very quickly, because China is a big agricultural country and agriculture is the economic foundation of our country, so the application of mechanized is crucial for the development of our agriculture, but the agricultural current situation of our country, mostly belonging to the smallscale peasant economy, so the decision in some aspects. Large machinery is difficult to popularize, so need to popularize some small household machinery. Corn threshing machine which is a very typical example, along with the people of the maize yield increase, corn threshing became a priority in an issue that people first, manual threshing too slow, timeconsuming, and requires a lot of people, very inconvenient, corn threshing machine, to solve the a problem, need less labor, and is mainly the work efficiency is greatly improved, so the corn thresher is essential for an agricultural farm. In 1815, the United States developed the world39。s first dedicated to corn threshing handoperated corn thresher. Improvement for corn threshing device after people have never stopped. The early 7039。s of last century, China39。s selfdeveloped impact principle of corn threshing machine is widely used in large, medium, when threshing machine. After entering 80 age, rural began to implement the household contract responsibility system, our country has developed a series of impact principle, small corn thresher, in order to meet the production needs of farmers. With the development of society, the mechanization in China spread very quickly, because China is a big agricultural country and agriculture is the economic foundation of our country, so the application of mechanized is crucial for the development of our agriculture, but the agricultural current situation of our country, mostly belonging to the smallscale peasant economy, so the decision in some aspects. Large machinery is difficult to popularize, so need to popularize some small household machinery. Corn threshing machine which is a very typical example, along with the people of the maize yield increase, corn threshing became