【正文】 / 75摘 要隨著制造業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的加工設(shè)備已無法承擔(dān)加工高精度、復(fù)雜型面零件的要求，數(shù)控機床良好的加工精度和數(shù)控系統(tǒng)可滿足此要求。而國外的數(shù)控機床比較昂貴，其價格要比國內(nèi)高 50%~60%，結(jié)合市場調(diào)研和畢業(yè)設(shè)計的實際，進行磨床工作臺結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。針對數(shù)控磨床工作臺存在的爬行、顫振現(xiàn)象，進給滾珠絲杠剛性低問題，確定了采用滾珠絲杠帶動工作臺，滾珠絲杠和電動機之間采用同步齒形帶聯(lián)接，工作臺導(dǎo)軌貼塑，從而改善了潤滑條件，同時也起到減振作用，MK1332 數(shù)控外圓磨床的爬行、顫振現(xiàn)象得到有效解決，提高了零件加工質(zhì)量；絲杠采用兩端固定支承，滾動軸承背靠背組配，剛性可提高一倍。位置檢測裝置采用高分辨率的脈沖編碼器，通過半閉環(huán)控制測量工作臺的直線位移。工作臺型面采用平面形式，減少工作臺的質(zhì)量、轉(zhuǎn)動慣量，使系統(tǒng)有更快的響應(yīng)特性。本機床對提高加工質(zhì)量和效率、縮短產(chǎn)品開發(fā)周期有積極的意義。關(guān)鍵詞 數(shù)控磨床 工作臺 滾珠絲杠 貼塑導(dǎo)軌I / 75AbstractAlong with the rapid development of the manufacturing sector, the traditional processing equipment has been unable to undertake the processing precision, plex parts of the surface, NC Machine good precision and CNC machining systems can meet this requirement. Abroad CNC machine tools more expensive than domestic prices high 50% ~ 60%. bine market research and graduate of the actual design, structural design workstations Grinder. CNC Grinder against the crawling stage, flutter, feed rigid lowball screw, determine the use of ball screw driven workstations, ball screw and motor uses synchronous belt link Guide laminating workstations, thereby improving the lubrication conditions, but also play a role in damping, MK1332 CNC Cylindrical Grinder crawl, flutter phenomenon to be an effective solution to improve the quality of the parts processing。 Screw using both fixed supports, Rolling backup, rigid be doubled. Position detection device using highresolution pulse encoder, through halfclosed loop control workstations measurement of linear displacement. Workstations using planar surface forms, reducing the quality of workstations, moment of inertia, allowing the system to have a faster response. The processing machine to improve quality and efficiency, shorten the product development cycle has a positive meaning. Keywords CNC Grinder Worktable Ball Screws Laminating Guide0 / 75目 錄摘 要 ..........................................................................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒論 .............................................................................................................1 數(shù)控加工技術(shù) ..................................................................................................1 數(shù)控機床的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展 ..........................................................................2 數(shù)控機床的發(fā)展趨勢 ..............................................................................3 數(shù)控機床的優(yōu)點 ..............................................................................................4 數(shù)控機床的優(yōu)點 ....................................................................................4 數(shù)控機床加工零件的特點 ....................................................................5 設(shè)計參數(shù)和方案確定 ......................................................................................6 機床主要技術(shù)參數(shù) ..................................................................................6 MK1332 數(shù)控外圓磨床設(shè)計參數(shù) ................................................................6 MK1332 數(shù)控外圓磨床加工產(chǎn)品的主要精度 .......................................7 設(shè)計方案的確定 ....................................................................................7第 2 章 數(shù)控機床的組成和分類 ...............................................................................9 數(shù)控機床的組成 .............................................................................................9 數(shù)控機床的分類 .............................................................................................9 按工藝用途分類 ..................................................................................10 按控制運動方式分類 ..........................................................................10 按伺服系統(tǒng)的類型分類 ......................................................................11 按照功能水平分類 ..............................................................................11第 3 章 進給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 .............................................................................................13 工作臺機構(gòu)傳動設(shè)計 ...................................................................................13 滾珠絲杠螺母副 ...........................................................................................14 工作原理與特點 ..................................................................................15 滾珠絲杠螺母副的循環(huán)方式 ..............................................................16 滾珠絲杠副的軸向間隙消除和預(yù)加載荷 ..........................................161 / 75 滾珠絲杠副的精度 .......................................................................................16 滾珠絲杠當(dāng)量動載荷的計算 ..............................................................16 滾珠絲杠的選取和極限轉(zhuǎn)速的計算 ..................................................19 滾珠絲杠副效率計算 ..........................................................................22 滾珠絲杠副剛度驗算 ..........................................................................22第 4 章 滾珠絲杠的支承 .......................................................................................24 軸端支承形式的選擇 ....................................................................................24 滾珠絲杠軸端支承形式的選擇 .............................................................24 滾珠絲杠對軸承的要求 ........................................................................25 軸承的組配方式 ....................................................................................25 軸承預(yù)緊力 ....................................................................................................26 軸承應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)緊 ， 適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)緊有助于提高軸承的工作能力 ........27 預(yù)緊與發(fā)熱 ............................................................................................28 滾珠絲杠的聯(lián)接 ...........................................................................................30 同步齒形帶的計算 ................................................................................31第 5 章 電動機的選擇和慣量匹配計算 .............................................