【正文】 大學本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第I 頁納米ZrB 2粉體的制備摘 要二硼化鋯陶瓷粉體是一種黑色粉末，其化學分子式為：ZrB 2，密度，是六方晶系的準金屬結(jié)構(gòu)化合物，是一種高級工程材料，在各個領域有著廣泛應用。高熔點(3040 ℃)、高硬度、高穩(wěn)定性以及良好的導電性、導熱性、抗氧化性和抗化學腐蝕性，使以二硼化鋯為 原料制成的復合陶瓷綜合性能優(yōu)異。另外，二硼化 鋯具有良好的中子控制能力，可用于核工業(yè)。其各種 優(yōu)良特性使其成為很有發(fā)展前景的高性能耐火材料。采用了透射電鏡 (TEM)實驗測試技術(shù)對 制備的納米粉體進行表征。以 氯氧化鋯為鋯源，以NH 3?H 20與ZrOCL 2?8 H20生產(chǎn)沉淀 劑，利用特殊液相沉淀法制備了納米Zr(OH)2粉體。將沉淀至于NH 4BO3溶液中，分別用烘干和共沸剔除水分，消除使硼酸吸附納米Zr(OH) 2上，通過在氫氣環(huán)境下，煅 燒Zr(OH) 2和NH 4BO3消除氮氫氧，從而制得 納米硼化鋯。在上通過掃描電鏡 分析研究了鋯源濃度、NH 3?H 20和H 3BO3的用量、溶膠pH值、陳化 時間等因素對硼化 鋯顆粒大小的影響。本文實驗研究部分研究了用NH 4?H 20為沉淀劑法制得的納米硼化鋯粉體，顆粒粒徑隨硼酸溶液的濃度增大而減小。研究在不同溫度下煅燒Zr(OH) 2和NH 4BO3的混合物，與NH 4Cl一起作為沉淀劑法制得的納米二硼化鋯粉體， 顆粒粒徑隨溫度的 濃度增大而減小。關鍵字：納米；二硼化鋯；制備；表征 大學本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第II 頁Preparation of nanoZrB2 powderAbstractDiboride zirconium ceramic powder is a black powder, the chemical formulas for ZrB2, molecular weight , g/cm3 density, is six FangJing department must metal structure pound, is a kind of advanced engineering materials, has a wide application in all fields. High melting point (3040 ℃ ), high hardness and high stability and good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance and corroZrB2 resistance of chemical resistance, make with diboride zirconium as raw material made of posite ceramic prehensive performance is excellent. In addition, diboride zirconium has good neutron control ability, can be used for the nuclear industry. The variety of fine properties that make it a very promising high performance refractory. This paper used the nano experimental center of our patent technology, special liquid preparation of nanometer particle ZrB2 precipitation. Using transmisZrBn electron microscopy (TEM) test technology on the preparation of nanometer powder characterized. To chlorine zirconia for zirconium source, NH3 ?H 20 and ZrOCL2 ?8 H 20 precipitation agent production, use special liquid preparation of nanometer Zr precipitation (OH) 2 powder. As for NH4BO3 solution will precipitation, respectively for drying and boiling water were eliminated, eliminate make boric acid adsorption nano Zr (OH) 2, through in the hydrogen environment, calcining Zr (OH) 2 and NH4BO3 eliminate nitrogen hydrogen and oxygen, which made the nano boron zirconium. By scanning electron microscopy (sem) in the source concentration, NH3 ? zirconium H 20 and the dosage of the H3BO3, sol pH value, Chen factors such as the time of boron zirconium of particle size effect. The experiment research part is used to study the NH3 ? H 20 大學本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第III頁precipitation agent for the legal system of the nano boron zirconium powder, with the particle size of boric acid solution concentration and decreases. Research in different temperature burning Zr (OH) 2 and NH4BO3 mixture of NH4Cl and together as the precipitation agent of the method, the nano diboride zirconium powder, the concentration of the particle size with temperature and decreases. Key Words: nano。 Diboride zirconium。 Preparation。 characterization目 錄摘 要 ......................................................................................................................I第一 章 緒論 .........................................................................................................1 納米科學與納米材料 ......................................................................................................1 納米二 硼化鋯的性質(zhì)及應用 ..........................................................................................2 納米二硼化鋯的 性質(zhì)...............................................................................................2 納米 二硼化鋯的應用...............................................................................................3 納米粉體 的表征方法 ......................................................................................................5 論文的選題意 義和目的 ..................................................................................................5第二章 納米二硼化鋯的 制備方法 .....................................................................6 碳還原法制備ZRB2粉體 .................................................................................................6 硼化鋯陶瓷材料的制備 ..................................................................................................6 SolGel法........................................................................................................................7 水熱合成法.......................................................................................................................7 超重力反應法..................................................................................................................7 微乳 液反應法..................................................................................................................8 納米ZRB 2的CO 2沉淀 法制備 ..........................................................................................8第三章 納米粉體制備機 理的探討 .....................................................................9 大學本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第IV 頁 液相中膠粒 析出過程 ......................................................................................................9 亞穩(wěn)態(tài)及亞穩(wěn)相.......................................................................................................9 膠粒析出過程的 推動力...........................................................................................9 臨界核與臨界 自由能.............................................................................................10 成核速率公式.........................................................................................................12 長大 過程 ........................................................................................................................14 小粒子碰撞理論 ............................................................................................................14 晶粒析出過程中各種 影響因素 .......................