【正文】 碩士學(xué)位論文高滲透率下光伏電源并網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題及其交互影響研究Research on power quality and interaction in high permeability photovoltaic gridconnected system byKANG Zhen. (Hunan University) 2008A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree ofMaster of EngineeringinControl Sicence and Engineeringin the Graduate Schoolof Hunan UniversitySupervisorProfessor LUO AnMay, 2011學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明和學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū)湖 南 大 學(xué)學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的論文是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含任何其他個(gè)人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。對(duì)本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。本人完全意識(shí)到本聲明的法律后果由本人承擔(dān)。作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū)本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解學(xué)校有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，同意學(xué)校保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán)湖南大學(xué)可以將本學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存和匯編本學(xué)位論文。本學(xué)位論文屬于保密□，在______年解密后適用本授權(quán)書(shū)?！滩槐Ｃ堋酢＃ㄕ?qǐng)?jiān)谝陨舷鄳?yīng)方框內(nèi)打“√”）作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日導(dǎo)師簽名： 日期： 年 月 日 V碩士學(xué)位論文摘 要能源是人類賴以生存和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。傳統(tǒng)的不可再生能源如煤炭、石油等日趨減少，總歸會(huì)枯竭，而且傳統(tǒng)能源的使用會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。尋找可再生清潔能源對(duì)人類的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的意義。太陽(yáng)能具有資源豐富、不受地域限制、對(duì)環(huán)境友好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，受到世界各國(guó)重視。目前，光伏發(fā)電能量的傳遞和轉(zhuǎn)換都是建立在電力電子技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，大規(guī)模的光伏電源并網(wǎng)使得大量的電力電子轉(zhuǎn)換器引入到電力系統(tǒng)中，從而大量的非線性負(fù)載也加入到了供電系統(tǒng)中，會(huì)對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)造成嚴(yán)重的污染，產(chǎn)生更為嚴(yán)重的電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。另外，大規(guī)模光伏發(fā)電并網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生的孤島效應(yīng)和微網(wǎng)環(huán)流也嚴(yán)重危害著電力系統(tǒng)的安全性和穩(wěn)定性。因此，研究高滲透率下光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題及其綜合治理方法對(duì)保障電力系統(tǒng)的安全運(yùn)行具有十分重要的意義。本文首先分析了高滲透率下光伏發(fā)電并網(wǎng)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的影響，給出了一套可供評(píng)判其電能質(zhì)量的指標(biāo)體系，提出了一種基于雷達(dá)圖法的電能質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)估方法。以確保對(duì)高滲透率下光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)電壓水平、功率水平、諧波畸變率、三相不平衡度等電能質(zhì)量指標(biāo)進(jìn)行綜合控制。本文對(duì)電能質(zhì)量治理裝置與光伏發(fā)電裝置的交互影響進(jìn)行了研究，對(duì)配置典型的電能質(zhì)量治理裝置如SVC、DSTATCOM的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了控制方法的研究和仿真分析。仿真結(jié)果表明，SVC和增加濾波功能的并網(wǎng)逆變器可同時(shí)抑制并網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)處的電壓波動(dòng)，補(bǔ)償負(fù)載和TCR產(chǎn)生的諧波，提高了光伏并網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量，實(shí)現(xiàn)高品質(zhì)供能；由DSTATCOM和光伏微源組成的聯(lián)合控制系統(tǒng)可通過(guò)調(diào)度使光伏微源在供能的同時(shí)提供較大容量的無(wú)功功率，降低了電能質(zhì)量裝置的成本，改善了電能質(zhì)量，提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。本文對(duì)抑制微網(wǎng)環(huán)流的控制方法和多逆變器并聯(lián)運(yùn)行的控制策略進(jìn)行了研究，提出了一種解決功率耦合問(wèn)題的辦法，采用基于旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)的虛擬V/f控制策略，把電阻和電抗均考慮在內(nèi)，能實(shí)現(xiàn)有功功率和無(wú)功功率的解耦。在不同光伏微源之間或光伏微源與電網(wǎng)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)并聯(lián)運(yùn)行控制和負(fù)載均分控制。項(xiàng)目組根據(jù)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的條件和功能要求，自主研制了2kW的單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器。本文詳細(xì)介紹了控制器的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)、人機(jī)界面的搭建、逆變器系統(tǒng)研制以及光伏陣列的構(gòu)建。系統(tǒng)調(diào)試和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，逆變器能夠穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，控制方法能滿足并網(wǎng)發(fā)電的需要。關(guān)鍵詞：高滲透率；光伏發(fā)電；電能質(zhì)量；孤島效應(yīng)；微網(wǎng)環(huán)流；并網(wǎng)逆變器AbstractEnergy is the basis of human survival and development. Traditional nonrenewable energy such as coal and oil is diminishing and it will be depleted someday. Moreover, serious environmental pollution will be caused by using traditional energy. Therefore,looking for renewable clean energy is important for human sustainable development. Solar energy has the advantages of abundant resources, without geographical restrictions and nonpollution, attracts more and more attention recently. Presently, photovoltaic energy transfer and conversion are based on power electronics technology. So, abundant power electronics converters will be introduced into power system by extensive PV microsources connecting to the grid, which will bring pollution to power system and cause serious power quality problem. In addition, island effect and microgrid circulation, which caused by photovoltaic connecting grid cosmically, also seriously endanger the safety and stability of the power system. Consequently, research of power quality problem and study on control strategy of PV gridconnected system with high permeability is of great significance for safety operation of the electric power system.The effect of the power quality in distributed network caused by PV connecting to the grid with high permeability is firstly researched in this paper. An indicator system and a prehensive assessment method base on radar chart are proposed to insure integrated control of the high permeability system power quality such as voltage level, power level, harmonic distortion rate, three phase imbalance degree and so on. Then, the interaction between power quality control devices and photovoltaic generation equipment is researched. The study on control method and simulation analysis is done to the PV generation system configuring typical power quality devices SVC and DSTATCOM separately. Simulation result shows that power quality can be improved by the collaboration system consist of photovoltaic and power quality devices. The harmonics brought by the load and TCR can be suppressed by SVC and gird connected inverter with filter function, high quality power supply can be realized. Also,photovoltaic microsource can produce large capacity reactive power while provide power supply in the collaboration system with DSTATCOM, the cost of the power quality devices is reduced and the stability of the system is improved.The control method of suppressing microgrid circulation and the control strategy of multiinverters operation in parallel connection are also studied in the thesis. A solution to solve power coupling problem is proposed. Dummy V/f control strategy considering resistance and reactance based on rotating frame is adopted, and decoupling of active and reactive power is realized. Parallel operation control and loadsharing control among different microsources or between photovoltaic and the grid also can be realized.According to the condition and function demand of PV connecting to the grid, a 2kW single phase photovoltaic girdconnected inverter is developed by the project team independently. The detail software and hardware design of the controller, manmachine interface, development of inverter system are introduced in this paper. System modulation and experiment result indicate that the inverter can run steady and the control method can fulfill the demand of PV connecting to the gird.Key Words: High permeability。 Photovoltaic。 Power quality。 Island effect。 Microgrid circulation。 Girdconnected inverter目 錄學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明和學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū) I摘 要 IIAbstract III第1章 緒 論 1 課題研究的背景及意義 1 光伏發(fā)電的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 3 光伏發(fā)電并網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量治理研究現(xiàn)狀 4 論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及組織架構(gòu) 6第2章 光伏發(fā)電配電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)電能質(zhì)量分析和評(píng)估方法 8 高滲透率下光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電對(duì)配電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的影響分析 8 大功率光伏并網(wǎng)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的影響 8 儲(chǔ)能環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的影響分析 11 并網(wǎng)離網(wǎng)模式切換帶來(lái)的電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題 12 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)弧島效應(yīng) 12 高滲透率下并聯(lián)微源環(huán)流機(jī)理和危害分析 14 光伏并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)電能質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)估方法 16 電能質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)估指標(biāo)體系 16 基于雷達(dá)圖法的電能質(zhì)量評(píng)估方法 18 本章小結(jié) 19第3章 光伏發(fā)電與電能質(zhì)量治理裝置的交互影響 20 高滲透