【正文】 電網故障行波設計定位網絡摘要隨著電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)模日益擴大，電網結構愈加復雜，傳統(tǒng)故障行波定位方法將無法滿足系統(tǒng)故障定位穩(wěn)定性和經濟性的要求。因此，高壓輸電線路故障點的快速、精確定位新技術與新方法研究已成為國內外科技工作者廣泛關注的熱點。本文設計了一個較為合理的行波故障定位的網絡,并完成了軟件的初步設計,并驗證了其可靠性和實用性。文章的主要內容也是關鍵技術部分就是故障行波定位的網絡設計及其軟件設計。網絡設計是在株洲電網現有的網架上著手的，故對整個系統(tǒng)進行了較為合理的分析和故障定位網絡設計，并通過 ATP/EMTP 進行了仿真分析和驗證；基于網絡的故障定位軟件設計，主要是在確定系統(tǒng)故障后,行波定位裝置將故障記錄單元和 GPS 時鐘單元記錄的行波數據及時間信息通過通用分組無線電業(yè)務(GPRS) 網絡上傳到故障定位主機,故障定位主機進行故障點計算、數據庫的存儲和查詢以及故障信息的發(fā)布等，真正實現了當任意一臺裝置發(fā)生故障或啟動失靈，都可以根據其他變電站的記錄數據可靠定位，有效的提高了定位結果的精度和可靠性。關鍵詞：故障測距； GPS 時鐘； GPRS ； 網絡定位； ATP/EMTP 仿真分析 TRAVELING WAVE FAULT LOCATION NETWORK DESIGNABSTRACTWith the increasing size of power systems, power structures bee more plex, the traditional method of Traveling Wave Fault Location Fault Location System will not meet the stability and economy requirements. Therefore, the high voltage transmission line fault fast and precise positioning of new technologies and new methods of foreign technology workers has bee widespread attention. This paper designs a more reasonable traveling wave fault location of the work, and pleted the preliminary design of the software and verify its reliability and practicability.Core part of the article is also part of key technologies Traveling Wave Fault Location and work design software design. Zhuzhou power work design is to proceed on the existing grid, and therefore the whole system was a more reasonable analysis and fault location work design, and through the ATP / EMTP simulation analysis and verification。 Based on work of fault positioning software design, main is in determine system fault Hou, line wave positioning device will fault records unit and GPS clock unit records of line wave data and the time information by General group radio business (GPRS) work Shang to fault positioning host, fault positioning host for fault points calculation, and database of storage and query and fault information of publishing, real implementation has Dang any a Taiwan device occurs fault or started failure, are can under other substation of records data reliable positioning, effective of improve has positioning results of precision and reliability.Key words: Fault location；GPS Clock；GPRS； Network location；EMTP simulation目 錄1 緒論 .......................................................................................................................................1 選題的背景和意義 ........................................................................................................1 輸電網故障行波定位原理概述 ....................................................................................2 國內外故障行波定位的應用及研究 ............................................................................5 本文所作的主要工作 ....................................................................................................72 行波故障定位理論及關鍵技術的研究 ..............................................................................8 行波理論詳述 ..............................................................................................................8 GPS 時鐘的研究分析 .................................................................................................12 同步時鐘的簡介 ................................................................................................12 GPS 衛(wèi)星同步時鐘的應用 ................................................................................133 基于株洲電網行波故障網絡設計 .....................................................................................16 株洲電網 220KV 電力系統(tǒng)分析 .................................................................................16 株洲電網故障行波定位網絡設計 ....................................................................16 故障定位方案仿真分析 ....................................................................................18 考慮 110KV 電網時分析 .............................................................................................22 小結 ..............................................................................................................................294 故障定位的軟件設計 .........................................................................................................30 軟件設計 ......................................................................................................................30 軟件的整體設計 ...................................................................................................30 故障計算單元 ......................................................................................................31 GPRS 無線通信單元 ............................................................................................33 數據庫管理單元 ..................................................................................................33 故障信息發(fā)布單元 ..............................................................................................34 軟件測試 ......................................................................................................................34 結論 ..............................................................................................................................375 全文總結 .............................................................................................................................38參考文獻 ...................................................................................................................................39致 謝 .......................................................................................................................................411 緒論 選題的背景和意義在“發(fā)展經濟，電力先行”宗旨的指引下，中國的電力事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，電力系統(tǒng)容量的不斷擴大、電壓等級的不斷升高、新的輸配電架空線路不斷建成致使電網日益復雜，電力系統(tǒng)對電網故障的檢測和繼電保護的速動性提出了更高的要求。輸電線路是電網的重要組成部分，對輸電線路的準確定位的作用主要包括以下幾個方面：(1) 幫助快速查找故障，節(jié)省故障巡線所耗費的大量人力、物力及財力；(2) 幫助及時修復故障，提高供電可靠性和連續(xù)性，減少停電損失；(3) 幫助分析故障發(fā)生的原因，并采取適當的預防措旌；(4) 對于瞬時性故障，可以提醒線路維護人員注意絕緣薄弱點，并適時清理或更換存在隱患的絕緣子，從而避免形成永久故障，而且可以大大節(jié)省檢修時間和費用。然而，高壓輸電線路輸送距離長，暴露在曠野，且多行線于山區(qū)丘陵地形，易發(fā)生故障。故障點的快速、精確定位，一直是電力部門尚未解決的難題，不能快速、準確地實現對故障點的定位，對電力系統(tǒng)的安全運行構成較大威脅，也給線路運行維護人員帶來了繁重的負擔。隨著系統(tǒng)容量迅速增加，超高壓輸變電線路日益增多，為