【正文】 II Study of an Embedded Image Monitoring System Based on ARM Discipline: Control theory and control engineering Student signature: Supervisor signature: ABSTRACT With the rapid evolution of digital image, embedded puter and munication technique, embedded image monitoring system bees a new researching interest. However, a large number of pointless pictures are transmitted back to the monitoring center, which increases munication quantity and surveillance load。 generally, the image’s definition in remote surveillance is low because of its limited transmission channel. An improving way is moving object detection in the front of system, and snatching a high definition picture when motion happens and then transferring back to the monitoring center. This method can settle the contradiction between definition and transferring speed. In the dissertation, a kind of embedded image monitoring system based on ARM is discussed. The system has the functions of motion detection and picture transmission based on GPRS, and improves the flexibility of setting and the definition of abnormal picture. The system takes LPC2210 based on ARM7 core as its central processor, and embedded OS 181。C/OSII as its software platform. Moving object detection adopts a method of dynamic difference background image, whose principle is to calculate difference picture among the current frames and background images and take the motion adjudging threshold which owns maximum information entropy to determine moving area。 and dynamically updates background by using Kalman filter. Thus, the system realizes the judgment of the moving area under the plicated changing background. The monitoring system adopts embedded Web server technology to send warning information and onthespot picture to the remote monitoring center. The wired or wireless remote transmission channel (Ethernet or GPRS) can be adopted between the center and the front control point, and has the features of mutual supplement, convenience and flexibility. And GPRS munication terminal adopts Wave wireless module to transmit monitoring image through wireless mon network. In the dissertation, the principle and implementation of embedded image monitoring system based on ARM are discussed. Experimental results show that the implemented system performs well in accurately detecting motion and lowlevel FAR；and the GPRS IIItransmission is so steady that the shutdown moment is few. Meanwhile, the realization of the image monitoring system provide a initial platform for the subsequent research, such as object sorting, object tracking, remote transmitting, scene controlling etc.. Key Words: image monitoring。 embedded system。 ARM。 181。C/OSII。 motion detection。 TCP/IP。 GPRS。 embedded web server I基于 ARM 的嵌入式圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)研究 學(xué)科：控制理論與控制工程 研究生簽字： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字： 摘 要 隨著數(shù)字圖像技術(shù)、嵌入式計算機(jī)技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，嵌入式圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)己成為當(dāng)今監(jiān)控領(lǐng)域的一個新的研究熱點。然而，大量無意義畫面的回傳在增加通信量的同時，并沒有減輕監(jiān)控圖像判讀的工作量；而受有效傳輸速率的限制，遠(yuǎn)程圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的清晰度一般較低。在前端對圖像進(jìn)行運動檢測和分析，并在符合規(guī)則時抓拍高清晰度圖片傳回監(jiān)控中心，可有效解決清晰度和傳輸速率間的矛盾。本文提出了一種基于 ARM 的嵌入式圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，它在前端實現(xiàn)了運動檢測，并采用 GPRS無線信道進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程圖像傳輸，提高了監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的布站靈活性和特異圖像的清晰度。 系統(tǒng)以基于 ARM7 內(nèi)核的嵌入式微處理器 LPC2210 為核心，嵌入式實時操作系統(tǒng)181。C/OSII 作為軟件開發(fā)平臺。運動目標(biāo)檢測采用動態(tài)差分背景圖像法，其原理是利用序列圖像中當(dāng)前幀圖像減去背景圖像，并采用使信息熵最大化的運動判決門限判定運動區(qū)域；采用 Kalman 濾波動態(tài)背景生成實現(xiàn)了背景的動態(tài)更新；從而實現(xiàn)了復(fù)雜變化背景下圖像運動區(qū)域的判決。監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)采用嵌入式 Web 服務(wù)器技術(shù)將報警信息及現(xiàn)場圖像發(fā)送至遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控中心；中心與前端監(jiān)控點間可以采用有線（以太網(wǎng)）或無線（GPRS）的遠(yuǎn)程傳輸信道，這兩種傳輸方式具有互相彌補(bǔ)、方便靈活的特點。遠(yuǎn)程傳輸采用 GPRS 通用無線分組協(xié)議，并采用 Wave 通信模塊實現(xiàn)了利用現(xiàn)有的無線公網(wǎng)傳輸實時遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控圖像。 文中給出了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計及實現(xiàn)的全過程。實驗結(jié)果表明，所提出的運動檢測算法具有較高的檢出率和較低的虛警率；所實現(xiàn)的 GPRS 傳輸運行可靠、掉線率較低。同時，該圖像監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)也為后繼的目標(biāo)分類、目標(biāo)跟蹤、遠(yuǎn)程傳輸和對現(xiàn)場的控制等研究工作，提供了一個初步的平臺。 關(guān)鍵詞：圖像監(jiān)控；嵌入式系統(tǒng)；ARM；181。C/OSII；運動檢測；TCP/IP；GPRS； 嵌入式 Web 服務(wù)器 ii 運動目標(biāo)檢測實驗 ................................................................................................. 39 5 ETHERNET 的圖像傳輸......................................................................................................41 嵌入式 TCP/IP 協(xié)議棧 ................................................................................................41 ZLG/IP 簡介[47]......................................................................................................... 41 ZLG/IP 的 Socket API 函數(shù)介紹............................................................................. 43 嵌入式 WEB服務(wù)器..................................................................................................45 HTTP 協(xié)議簡介[48]................................................................................................... 45 嵌入式 Web 服務(wù)器設(shè)計 ........................................................................................ 46 HTML 網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計...................................................................................................... 47 圖像傳輸?shù)膶崿F(xiàn) ..........................................................................................................48 6 GPRS 遠(yuǎn)程無線傳輸?shù)脑O(shè)計與實現(xiàn)..................................................................................50 GPRS 簡介 .....................................................................................................................50 GPRS 特點 ............................................................................................................... 50 GPRS 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................... 51 GPRS 業(yè)務(wù)解決方案 ............................................................................................... 52 GPRS 傳輸模塊方案設(shè)計 .............................................................................................53 主要功能和特點 ..................................................................................................... 53 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) ..............................................................................