【正文】 摘 要汽車的發(fā)明一方面給人們的生活和生產(chǎn)帶來了極大的方便，另一方面也給社會帶來了環(huán)境污染和能源緊缺等嚴重問題。人類環(huán)境保護意識的逐漸加強，人們更加關心車輛油耗，要求限制車輛用油量的呼聲越來越強烈。因此，研究汽 車的燃油消耗和降低排放污染就成為該研究領域的重點內(nèi)容之一。對汽車燃油經(jīng)濟性的評價，一般是通過汽車燃油消耗量來確定的，也是診 斷和分析汽車故障的重要參考。檢測汽車燃油消耗量常通過燃油消耗檢測儀測定燃油消耗量的容積或質(zhì)量來表示。普通式汽車油耗檢測裝置在測試范圍、測試 精度、顯示、使用 維護和可靠性等方面都不是很理想，需要 進一步改進。 本文在分析和總結目前國內(nèi)外車輛油耗檢測儀器普遍存在的問題的基礎上，根據(jù)油耗儀現(xiàn)有的技術水平和發(fā)展趨勢，采用先進的傳感技術、 單 片機技術和顯示技術，研制智能型汽車油耗檢測儀器。車輛智能油耗儀在單片機的控制下，通過計算流量傳感器送來的燃油流量脈沖信號，在控制軟 件的支撐下，能 測量汽車 的加速油耗、減速油耗、百公里油耗、累計油耗、平均油耗和瞬時 油耗。 該系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)將會 為汽車油耗精確檢測技術的發(fā)展提供新方向，為我國汽車油耗 檢測技術發(fā)展創(chuàng)造新的平臺，為節(jié)能型汽車的研發(fā)提供更精確可靠的油耗數(shù)據(jù)。關鍵詞：單片機；傳感器；油耗；智能檢測Abstract As a transport vehicle with one hand to transport people’s life and production brought great convenience, the other , it also brings environmental pollution and energy shortages. Together with the conscious of environment protection increase gradually. Peaple pay more attention to the gas consuming. Therefore, the study of motor vehicles to reduce fuel consumption and emissions pollution is the area of one of the key element. Vehicle fule consumption is usually determined by the automobile fuel economy rating, it is also an important reference to the car fault diagnosis. Regular testing vehicle fuel consumption was measured by detecting the fuel consumption volume or quality of fuel consumption expressed in. Ordinary car fuel consumption detecting device in the test range, testing accuracy, that the use of maintenance and reliability , not very good, needs further improvement. This article based on diagnosing and summing the popular questions. The domestic and exotic automobile gasconsuming equipments exist were considered. This artcle referred to gasconsuming instruments technology level and delelopment trend , and advanced sensor technology were adopted. Besides single chip puter technology and manifesting technology were included. The main content includes gasconsuming detecting system’s hardware design and selection, and the means of instruments structure were adopted. Automobile gasconsuming detecting system mathematics model were set up also. The verifying experiments were carried up. Diagnose the practicing performance of the theory that gasconsuming detecting sytem was adopted and the theory models on the base of practice conditions were modified. The system was developed for the automotive fuel consumption will be the development of accurate detection technology to provide a new direction. Detection of China’s oil consumption to create a new platform for the development. For the energysaving vehecles to III / 43provide more accurate and reliable fuel consumption data.Keywords: singlechip。 transducer。 gasconsuing。 intellectdetection 目 錄1 緒論 ........................................................11．1 國內(nèi)外汽車油耗智能檢測技術的研究背景 .................................11．1．1 國內(nèi)背景 ........................................................................................................................11．1．2 國外背景 ........................................................................................................................11．1．3 研究水平與發(fā)展趨勢 ....................................................................................................21．2 汽車油耗智能檢測技術研究的意義 .......................................21．3 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容 ...................................................32 總體方案設計 ................................................42．1 系統(tǒng)的功能要求 .......................................................42．2 總體技術方案確定 .....................................................43 硬件電路設計 ................................................63．1 單片機的選擇 .........................................................63．1．1 單片機的匹配原則 ........................................................................................................63．1．2 單片機的型號匹配 ........................................................................................................73．1．3AT89S52 晶振連接電路與復位電路 ...........................................................................103．2 傳感器的選擇 ........................................................113．2．1 流量傳感器的主要功能和類型 ..................................................................................113．2．2 油耗檢測對流量傳感器的要求及選型 ......................................................................123．2．3 模擬傳感脈沖輸出信號部分 ......................................................................................133．2．4 流量檢測數(shù)學模型的建立 ..........................................................................................163．3 數(shù)據(jù)顯示部分設計.....................................................17 數(shù)碼管（LED ）顯示器和液晶（ LCD）顯示器對比 ..........................................................17 數(shù)碼管（LED ）顯示器 顯示數(shù)據(jù)的電路原理 ..................................................................173．4 控制面板的設計.......................................................193．5 通訊接口的選擇.......................................................203．6 電源部分.............................................................203．7 本章小結 ............................................................214 軟件的設計與調(diào)試............................................224．1 初始化程序...........................................................224．2 測量油耗邏輯程序設計 ................................................244．3 數(shù)碼管顯示程序和按鍵掃描程序設計.....................................254．4 軟件系統(tǒng)主程序.......................................................264．5 本章小結 ............................................................27結 論.........................................................29致 謝.........................................................30參考文獻.......................................................31附 錄.........................................................32原理圖................................................................32程序........................................................