【正文】 本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì))論文題目 基于 AT89S52 單片機(jī)的多功能智能小車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)論文 2022 年 4 年 28 月。學(xué)位論文作者簽名： 日 期： ）摘 要I摘 要本文介紹了一種利用 AT89S52 單片機(jī)為控制核心，結(jié)合多種傳感器以及 PID 算法實(shí)現(xiàn)循跡避障功能的智能小車(chē)。利用反射式光電傳感器檢測(cè)黑線實(shí)現(xiàn)小車(chē)循跡，利用超聲波傳感器檢測(cè)道路上的障礙，控制電動(dòng)小汽車(chē)的自動(dòng)避障，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)具有自動(dòng)尋跡、尋光和速度測(cè)試功能。其中，控制部分采用 AT89S52，AT89S52 是一款 8 位單片機(jī)，它的易用性和多功能性受到了廣大使用者的好評(píng)。電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)采用常用的 PWM方式進(jìn)行電機(jī)的調(diào)速控制，小車(chē)的速度通過(guò)液晶屏來(lái)顯示。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的電路結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，可靠性能高，能滿足各種設(shè)計(jì)的要求。隨著我國(guó)高科技水平的不斷提高和工業(yè)自動(dòng)化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn)，智能小車(chē)被廣泛應(yīng)用于各種玩具和其他產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)中，極大地豐富了人們的生活。關(guān)鍵詞:單片機(jī)；傳感器；PWM 調(diào)速；循跡避障； pid 控制算法學(xué)士學(xué)位論文IIAbstractThis paper introduced an kind of intelligent car that use AT89S52 SCM as control core , bine with multiple sensors and PID control algorithm to achieve the function that find track and avoid obstacles. the electrical car uses reflective photoelectric sensor to detect black line to achieve trackfinding, uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles on the road to avoid obstacles entire system has the function that trace route automatically,find light and test speed .Among them, AT89S52 which has 8bit singlechip is used as the control of useing easily and having multifunction ,it suffers large users. The motor driver uses the mon wayPWM for the motor controlling speed. the speed of car is displayed by the LCD screen .The circuit structure of the whole system is relatively simple, high reliability, and it can meet the requirements of the various the continuous improvement of high technology and the stead process in industrial automation in our country,the Intelligencecar which gradually access to people39。s attention has been widely applied to design a variety of toys and other products,which greatly enriched people39。s lives.KEY WORDS: SCM。 Sensor。 PWM speed adjusting。 Track finding and obstacle avoidance。 PID control algorithm目 錄III目 錄1 緒 論 ...................................................................................................................................1 研究背景和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................................1 研究目的和意義 ............................................................................................................1 研究?jī)?nèi)容 ........................................................................................................................12 系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)與論證 ...................................................................................................3 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................3 方案選擇論證 ................................................................................................................3 循跡檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) ..........................................................................................................4 障礙物檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) ......................................................................................................4 光源檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) ..........................................................................................................5 速度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng) ..........................................................................................................5 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) ................................................................................................................5 單片機(jī)控制電路系統(tǒng) ....................................................................................................6 顯示模塊 ........................................................................................................................63 硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................................................7 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ................................................................................................................7 單片機(jī)控制電路 ............................................................................................................8 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ...............................................................................................................10 驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 .................................................................................................................10 PWM 調(diào)速原理 ......................................................................................................11 循跡檢測(cè)電路 ..............................................................................................................12 障礙物檢測(cè)電路 ..........................................