專業(yè)英語復(fù)習(xí)資料福利版(已修改)
2025-06-19 13:51 本頁面
【正文】 申明，本人也是渣渣一個，翻譯有錯誤什么的很正常 不能全信 學(xué)霸請右上點叉。希望對你們有幫助。Naming Inorganic CompoundsIntroduction（引言）： million known chemical to establish a set of rules leading to informative, systematic name for each substance(10000000種已知的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。需要建立一套規(guī)則，導(dǎo)致信息，對各種物質(zhì)的系統(tǒng)名稱。): basic rules for naming simple pounds (organic pounds,inorganic pounds)(命名：命名的基本規(guī)則簡單化合物（有機(jī)化合物，無機(jī)化合物）)Contents of current section(目前的部分內(nèi)容)： materials（names of mon elements in the periodic table)(準(zhǔn)備材料（在周期表中的常見元素的名稱）)； pounds (cations, anions,pounds)(（陽離子，陰離子的離子化合物，化合物）)；(酸）； pounds（分子化合物）Common Elements（常見的元素）：AcActinium錒, AgSilver, AlAluminum, ArArgon, AsArsenic, AuGold, BBoron, BaBarium, BeBeryllium, BiBismuth, BrBromine, CCarbon, CaCalcium, CdCadmium, CeCerium鈰, ClChlorine, CoCobalt, CrChromium, CsCesium銫, CuCopper, FFluorine, FeIron,GaGallium鎵, GeGermanium鍺, HHydrogen, HeHelium, HgMercury, IIodine, InIndium, IrIridium銥, KPotassium, KrKrypton, LaLanthanum鑭, LiLithium, MgMagnesium, MnManganese, MoMolybdenum鉬, NNitrogen, NaSodium, NbNiobium鈮, NdNeodymium釹, NeNeon, NiNickel, OOxygen, OsOsmium鋨, PPhosphorus, Pb Lead, PdPalladium鈀, PoPolonium釙,PtPlatinum, PuPlutonium钚, RaRadium, RbRubidium銣, ReRhenium錸, RnRadon氡, RuRuthenium釕, SSulfur, SbAntimony銻, ScScandium鈧, SeSelenium硒, SiSilicon, SmSamarium釤, SnTin,SrStrontium鍶, TaTantalum鉭, TeTellurium, TiTitanium, TlThallium, UUranium, VVanadium釩，WTungsten, XeXenon, YYttrium釔, ZnZinc, ZrZirconium鋯Ionic pounds（離子化合物）General rule :The names of ionic pounds are based on the names of the ions of which they are posed. The positive ion (cation) is always named first and listed first in writing the formula for the pound. The negative ion (anion) is named and written last.（一般規(guī)則：離子化合物的名字是基于它的離子，它們組成的名字。正離子（陽離子）總是叫第一上市首先在寫作的復(fù)合配方。負(fù)離子（陰離子）命名和書面上。）Eg.：NaCl (sodium chloride)Naming cations（命名陽離子）Monatomic ions (take the name of the element itself)（單原子離子（帶元素本身的名稱）Zn2+ (zinc ion), Al3+ (aluminum ion)Note: for an element (especially transition metals) with more than 1 positive ion, the positive charge of the ion is indicated by a Roman numeral in parentheses following the name of the metal:（注：對于一個元素（特別是過渡金屬）超過1的正離子，離子的正電荷表示括號中的羅馬數(shù)字以下的金屬的名字：）Fe2+ iron (II) ion, Cu+ copper (I) ionIf unsure, use the Roman numeral designation of charges as part of the name.（這句我翻譯不出來。）Naming cations（命名陽離子）Note: A widely used older method to distinguish between two differently charged ions of a metal is to apply the ending –ous for the lower charged ions or ic for the higher charged ions, respectively. They are added to the root of the Latin name of the element（.注：一種廣泛使用的老方法來區(qū)分兩個不同的電荷的金屬離子，以ous結(jié)束的為低帶電離子，以IC結(jié)束的為高電荷態(tài)離子。）（應(yīng)該是這個意思。）Eg.：Fe2+ (ferrous ion), Cu+ (cuprous ion) Fe3+ (ferric ions), Cu2+ (cupric ion)Naming cationsPolyatomic cations: Groups of atoms with a positive charge.（多原子離子：帶正電荷的原子組的。）NH4+ ammonium ion Hg22+ mercury (I) ion or mercurous ionNote: Hg2+ mercury (II) ion, or mercuric ionCommon ions：（常見離子）Cations（陽離子）: ammonium（銨）, cesium（銫）, copper(I) or cuprous（銅一和銅二）；, hydrogen（
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