【正文】 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 題 目： 基于51單片機(jī)的煙葉烘烤溫度控制器的設(shè)計(jì) 專 題： 院 （系）： 電氣與信息工程學(xué)院 班 級(jí)： 電氣0812班 姓 名： 學(xué) 號(hào)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 教師職稱： 講師 摘 要 智能化煙葉烘烤控制是針對(duì)目前生煙葉的烘烤過程提出的，目的在于改變完全依靠人工的落后工藝，避免人為的失誤，提高烤煙質(zhì)量，目前很多烤煙房的溫度和濕度大多是人工控制的，一個(gè)專業(yè)的煙農(nóng)智能憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)日夜連續(xù)工作管理六個(gè)烤煙房，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，煙葉的質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定。影響煙農(nóng)的收入有很多的方面，除了煙葉的數(shù)量，主要是煙葉的質(zhì)量，不同等級(jí)的煙葉的價(jià)格相差的很大，提高煙葉的質(zhì)量主要途徑有品種的優(yōu)良化和烤煙的科學(xué)化，其中培育是基礎(chǔ)，烤煙是關(guān)鍵，傳統(tǒng)的烤煙方法是在烤煙房里掛一只溫度計(jì)和一只濕度計(jì)，煙農(nóng)只憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)來調(diào)節(jié)鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的開關(guān)，風(fēng)門的開放，這樣烤煙房的溫度和濕度難以控制，煙農(nóng)迫切希望改變煙葉烘烤系統(tǒng)，一方面減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，另一方面提高煙葉的質(zhì)量，從而提高收入?；趥鹘y(tǒng)的煙葉烘干過程中的溫度不容易控制,勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大對(duì)溫度的調(diào)節(jié)存在著滯后性,控制精度難以達(dá)到工藝要求的狀況和煙葉烘烤過程中隨溫度變化等特點(diǎn),采用89s51單片機(jī)為核心,ds18b20溫度傳感器為溫度檢測(cè)參數(shù)檢測(cè)單元,由按鍵與lcd顯示構(gòu)成人機(jī)對(duì)話單元,設(shè)計(jì)完成的新型煙葉烘干控制器,該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了根據(jù)烤煙曲線工藝要求實(shí)時(shí)對(duì)溫度進(jìn)行采集和智能控制的目標(biāo)。 關(guān)鍵詞 烤煙； 單片機(jī)； 數(shù)字溫度傳感器； 自動(dòng)控制； AbstractIntelligent tobacco leaf baking is controlled in response to the current raw tobacco baking process is proposed, aimed at changing pletely relying on the backward technology, avoid human errors, improve eye for quality, at present a lot of fluecured tobacco room temperature and humidity are still able to control, a professional growers intelligent experience continuous day and night work management six a fluecured tobacco room, large labor intensity, stable quality of tobacco. Effects of farmers ine has many aspects, in addition to tobacco leaf number, mainly the quality of tobacco leaves of different grade, the price differs very big, to improve the quality of tobacco main way of good varieties and tobacco science, which is the basis of fluecured tobacco cultivation, fluecured tobacco is the key, the traditional method is in fluecured tobacco room hang a thermometer and a hygrometer, farmers with experience to regulate blower switch, throttle opening, so the fluecured tobacco room temperature and humidity are difficult to control, the farmers are desperate for change in tobacco baking system, on one hand reduce the labor intensity, on the other hand the increase of tobacco quality, thereby increasing the ine.Based on the traditional tobacco drying process temperature is not easy to control, high labor intensity on temperature regulation there is lag, the control accuracy is difficult to meet the technological requirements of the situation and in tobacco baking temperature and other characteristics, using 89S51MCU as the core, the DS18B20 temperature sensor for temperature detection parameter detection unit, posed of keys and LCD display consisting of manmachine conversation unit, pleted the design of new type of tobacco drying controller, the system realizes the realtime curve according to the process requirements of fluecured tobacco of temperature acquisition and intelligent control target.Key words： Fluecured tobacco ；MCU ；Digital Thermal Sensor；automatic control目 錄第1章 概述.......................................................1 .................................................1 ...................................................1 .......................................1第2章 烤煙的流程和原理........................................... 6 ...................................................6.........................................6 .................................................6 ..............................................6第3章 具體方案設(shè)計(jì)與論證..........................................8.................................................8...................................................8.............................................9 ......................................................9 .............................................10....................................................14....................................................19..................................................21第4章 具體的電路原理圖及分析.....................................22................................................... 22 散葉堆積氣流上升式烤房氣流動(dòng)規(guī)律.............................22 散葉堆積氣流上升式烤房的特點(diǎn).................................23................................................23第5章 軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)................................................. 23................................................25....................................................27 ......................................................28................................................28...................................................29..............................................29....................................................31......................................................31第6章 設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)論..........................................................33..........................................................33第7章 實(shí)物圖......................................................34第8章 程序源代碼.................................................35致謝...............................................................39參考文獻(xiàn)...........................................................3953第1章 概述煙葉烘烤是烤煙生產(chǎn)中決定質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)劣的關(guān)鍵。烘烤作業(yè)進(jìn)行得好，可以將田間所獲得的優(yōu)質(zhì)適產(chǎn)性狀顯現(xiàn)出來。反之，烘烤不當(dāng)，優(yōu)質(zhì)適產(chǎn)的性狀不能顯現(xiàn)，在整個(gè)生產(chǎn)過程中的投入就得不到應(yīng)有的效益。隨著我國(guó)煙葉生產(chǎn)水平的提高，煙葉烘烤過程成為制約煙葉質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵因素，而烤房中的溫度控制得當(dāng)是烤出一爐好煙葉的重要條件。傳統(tǒng)的烤房測(cè)溫采用玻璃式或指針式溫度計(jì)等，讀數(shù)誤差大，靈敏度低，烤房溫度的控制是靠人工完成，手段落后，煙葉質(zhì)量難以保證。我打算做出一個(gè)利用單片機(jī)來實(shí)現(xiàn)烤房溫度的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)具有溫度變化反應(yīng)靈敏