江蘇省永豐初級(jí)中學(xué)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)u(píng)nit7internationalcharitiesgrammar課件新版牛津版(已修改)
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【正文】 語態(tài)：表示語態(tài)：表示 主語主語 和和 謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞 之間的關(guān)系。之間的關(guān)系。英語有英語有 兩種語態(tài)兩種語態(tài) ，即，即 主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài) 和和 被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主動(dòng)語態(tài) ) English is studied by many students. (被動(dòng)語態(tài) )語態(tài)語態(tài) 什么時(shí)候可以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Such books are written for children. 這些書是為兒童寫的。這些書是為兒童寫的。Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen．我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語中含有 “據(jù)說 ”、 “據(jù)悉 ”、 “有人說 ”、 “大家說 ”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知 … … It is well known that …據(jù)推測(cè)說 … … It is supposed that …四、漢語中含有 “被 ”、 “由 ”等詞時(shí)。例如： Tina is asked to e by Paul．Tina是被 Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如： He was born in October， 1989． The flowers every watered by herShe waters the flowers every day.主 謂 賓后面能接賓語的動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的方法 :She waters the flowers every day.主 謂 賓The flowers are watered by her every day. ① ② ③ ④總結(jié) : 主 動(dòng)語態(tài) 被 動(dòng)語態(tài)賓語 →謂語 →主 語 →其他 → 抄下來主語be+ by +賓語。2. 將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)3. 將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)中介詞 by 的賓語放在謂動(dòng)詞之后運(yùn)用一下吧be + done被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu) :有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化考點(diǎn)一 : , is , , were be / is going to by many students. students study English.English is studied make shoes in that factory.Shoes are made by themin that factory.一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： is/are+過去分詞? They play football on Sunday.? Lucy does the homework in the evening.? They often use puters in class.? We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in Beijing.1. They bought a puter last term． by them last term.：was/were +過去分詞last year. planted many trees last year.Many trees were plantedA puter was bought? They built the tall building last year.? He took good care of his little brother yesterday.? We cleaned our classroom just now.? They used the rooms for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.The rooms were used for resting by them.：can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞 can take good care of Gina ．by can be taken good care of should drink more water.More water should be drunk by you. can take care of the baby. may draw the pictures. must turn off the lights. should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 : am/is /are + done 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +be+done was/were + done以下時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成SummaryTask 4考點(diǎn)二 :被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的特殊情況 :被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種類型 雙賓語 句子的被動(dòng)語態(tài) .一般把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，則另一個(gè)不動(dòng)。如把直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語則需在間賓前加 for 或 to如：如：
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