【正文】 工業(yè)自動化控制論文目錄摘要 ........................................................................3ABSTRACT ....................................................................41 緒論 ......................................................................5 選題的目的和意義 .......................................................5 啤酒發(fā)酵控制系統(tǒng)方案綜述 ...............................................5 實現(xiàn)啤酒發(fā)酵罐溫度 PLC 控制的主要研究工作 ...............................62 啤酒發(fā)酵工藝概述 ..........................................................7 啤酒發(fā)酵概述 ...........................................................7 發(fā)酵各階段溫度控制機理 .................................................7 啤酒發(fā)酵設(shè)備概述 .......................................................8 啤酒發(fā)酵溫控基本要求 ...................................................9 啤酒發(fā)酵工藝流程 ......................................................103 應(yīng)用 PLC 實現(xiàn)啤酒發(fā)酵溫度控制的可行性分析 .................................12 可編程序控制器 PLC 的特點 ..............................................12 PLC 的組成與基本原理 ..................................................13 PLC 的組成結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................13 PLC 的工作原理 ....................................................13 PLC 的主要功能和應(yīng)用 ..............................................15 PLC 在啤酒發(fā)酵中應(yīng)用的可行性 ..........................................154 啤酒發(fā)酵溫度 PLC 控制方案 .................................................17 系統(tǒng)控制要求及功能 ....................................................17 啤酒發(fā)酵溫度要求 ..................................................17 系統(tǒng)功能 ..........................................................17 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)方案 ..................................................185 啤酒發(fā)酵溫度 PLC 控制硬件設(shè)計 .............................................20 系統(tǒng)硬件配置 ..........................................................20 CPU 的選型 ........................................................20 模擬量擴展模塊 ....................................................22 控制系統(tǒng)硬件配置 .................................................23 啤酒發(fā)酵溫度 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的 I/O 分配 ....................................24 I/O 地址分配 ......................................................246 PLC 實現(xiàn)啤酒發(fā)酵溫度控制的程序設(shè)計 ........................................27 編程軟件的介紹 .......................................................27 指令系統(tǒng) ..........................................................27 PLC 程序設(shè)計流程及原則 .............................................28 STEP7MICRO/WIN 32 編程軟件基本信息 .................................29 控制程序流程圖 ........................................................30 發(fā)酵溫度控制系統(tǒng)流程圖 ...........................................30 控溫程序流程圖設(shè)計 ...............................................31 PID 控制 ..............................................................32 S7200 的 PID 指令 .................................................32 數(shù)值轉(zhuǎn)換及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ..................................................33 選擇 PID 回路類型 ..................................................33 系統(tǒng)程序設(shè)計 ..........................................................33 符號表 ............................................................33 主程序 ............................................................35 主酵自然升溫段程序 ................................................36 溫度控制程序 ......................................................36 電磁閥控制 ........................................................40結(jié)束語 .....................................................................41致謝 .......................................................................42參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................43利用PLC實現(xiàn)啤酒發(fā)酵罐溫度的自動控制摘要人類使用谷物制造酒類飲料已有8000多年的歷史。中國的啤酒是19世紀(jì)末從外國傳入的。啤酒工業(yè)是我國食品工業(yè)占有重要地位，隨著國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人民生活的改善，我國啤酒工業(yè)也得到空前發(fā)展。盡管如此，我國的啤酒生產(chǎn)工業(yè)目前還存在較大的提升空間。由于起步較晚及啤酒生產(chǎn)的工藝復(fù)雜，目前我國大多數(shù)啤酒生產(chǎn)企業(yè)技術(shù)裝備落后，自動化程度低，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定。如何提高啤酒生產(chǎn)的綜合自動化水平，增強我國啤酒產(chǎn)業(yè)的綜合實力這一課題有很大研究空間。發(fā)酵過程是啤酒生產(chǎn)過程中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，本文以啤酒發(fā)酵過程為工程背景，利用PLC實現(xiàn)對啤酒發(fā)酵過程溫度的控制，這對更加牢固掌握PLC 并將PLC應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)實際及了解啤酒的生產(chǎn)工藝有很好作用。本文主要工作在于:由于啤酒發(fā)酵對象的時變性、時滯性及其不確定性，決定了發(fā)酵罐控制必須采用特殊的控制算法。由于每個發(fā)酵罐都存在個體的差異，而且在不同的工藝條件下，不同的發(fā)酵菌種下，對象特性也不盡相同。因此很難找到或建立某一確切的數(shù)學(xué)模型來進(jìn)行模擬和預(yù)測控制。為節(jié)省能源，降低生產(chǎn)成本，并且能夠滿足控制的要求，發(fā)酵罐的溫度控制選擇了檢測發(fā)酵罐的上、中、下3段的溫度，通過上、中、下3段液氨進(jìn)口的兩位式電磁閥來實現(xiàn)發(fā)酵罐溫度控制的方法。利用PLC來實現(xiàn)整個過程溫度的控制。該系統(tǒng)性能/價格比高、可靠、技術(shù)先進(jìn)，完全滿足啤酒生產(chǎn)發(fā)酵工藝的技術(shù)要求，并兼顧了實用的需求。關(guān)鍵詞：PLC 。 發(fā)酵溫度；對象ABSTRACTThe human use the grain manufacture wines more than 8000 years. Beer spread from the foreign country to China in 19 century. Beer production, as one of the most important traditional industry, has been developed quickly in our country with the development of civil economy and the improvement of standard of living. However, because of the plexity of the beer production, domestic breweries have many disadvantages, such as outdated measurement and control equipments, low level of automation, instable product quality, etc. How to improve the integrated automation level in beer production bees an urgent research project. Beer fermentation is one of the key steps of beer production. Thus, on the basis of some projects in breweries, this thesis investigated beer fermentation automation and Fuzzy Intelligent PID algorithm applied in this process. It is an attempt to apply high technology to traditional industry and has importantly practical meaning. In this paper, beer fermentation process for the project background, the use of PLC in the beer fermentation process temperature control, which is more firmly grasp PLC and used to produce practical and understanding of the beer production process have a very good role. What this research solute is： As the object of beer fermentation, degeneration, and the uncertainty of the delay, a decision must be in control of fermentation tank special control algorithms. As each there are individual differences, but in different process conditions, different fermentation bacteria, the object characteristics vary. Therefore it is difficult to find or create a precise mathematical model to simulate and forecast control. To save energy, reduce production costs and to meet the requirements