高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-虛擬語(yǔ)氣全總結(jié)(已修改)
2025-06-11 22:51 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If + 主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（were, did, had）主語(yǔ)+ should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If +主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might +have+過(guò)去分詞If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)① If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式② If+主語(yǔ)+were to+動(dòng)詞原形③ If+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形(注意不能是would)主語(yǔ)+ should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting.If he should not e tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.①錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句:當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱(chēng)為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在條件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，變成倒裝句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我還有上學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。If you had e earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you e earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你來(lái)得早點(diǎn)，你就能趕上公共汽車(chē)。If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的話(huà)，我們就不能登山去了。③用介詞代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用的介詞有with, without, but for。如：What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)如果你有100萬(wàn)元，你會(huì)做什么？We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help)沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help, …= If it had not been for your help, …= Had it not been for you help, …沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。④含蓄條件句有時(shí)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是通過(guò)其他手段來(lái)代替條件句。如：I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. (副詞)He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. (連詞)A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. (定語(yǔ)從句)I might have given you more help, but I was too busy. (連詞)Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly. (獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))⑤even if, even though也可用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式與if 從句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的形式相同。 習(xí)題1. If my lawyer＿＿＿h(yuǎn)ere last Saturday, he＿＿＿me from going.A. had been, would have preventedB. had been, would preventC. were, would preventD. were, would have prevented2. If it＿＿＿for the snow, we＿＿＿the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbe
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