【正文】 The Influences of Bible on English Culture1. Introduction In western countries, Christianity is the main type of religion. With the world widely spread, Christianity acts an enormous impact on western culture. The influences of the Bible are worldwide. Its mighty power has affected every department of human activity. The contents of the Scriptures have supplied themes for the greatest poets, artists and musicians, and have been the mightiest factor of all in shaping the moral progress of the race. Let us consider a few examples of the Bible’s influences as displayed in the various realms of human enterprise. This article expounds the influences of the Bible on the English culture from several aspects.2. A general study of the Bible Knowledge of the Bible is a prerequisite to understand English culture.What exactly The Bible is? The explanation in the encyclopedia is “Bible, term used since the fourth century to denote the Christian Scriptures and later, by extension, those of various religious traditions. This article discusses the nature of religious scripture generally and the Christian Scriptures specifically, as well as the history of the translation of the Bible into English. For the position and the canon of the Hebrew and Christian Bible, see Old Testament。 New Testament。 Apocrypha.” The history of how the Bible createdChristianity started in the middle of the 1st century AD, it originated from the earliest religion which Hebrew established of the world—Judaism, the Christianity admitted and continued to use Judaism’s religion idea, and developed it on this foundation. Except accepting Jehovah as God, the Christianity also believes Savior is the name of God’s son, a name of Jesus Christ who was sent by God to save the people. Christians take the words recorded that how Christianity spread and develop into the New Testament. The bination of the New Testament and the scripture of Judaism” Old Testament” became the sacred writings of Christianity—“Holy Bible”. During 4th century AD, the Roman Empire’ s Constantine made the Christianity as the nation’s religion, since that, Christianity started to spread all over the European area. Pope Damascus I assembled the first list of books of the Bible at the Council of Rome in 382 AD. He missioned Saint Jerome to produce a reliable and consistent text by translating the original Greek and Hebrew texts into Latin. This translation became known as the Latin Vulgate Bible and in 1546 at the Council of Trent was declared by the Church to be the only authentic and official Bible in the Latin rite. The versions and translations of the BibleThe Bible is often described as the greatest book ever written. This is because of its unending significance and influences on people throughout the ages. No other book in history has impacted peoples and cultures like the Bible. So far, the Bible has been translated into 2,018 languages and every year more copies of the Bible are sold than any other single book. In scholarly writing, ancient translations are frequently referred to as versions, with the term translation being reserved for medieval or modern translations. The Bible versions are discussed below, while The Bible translations can be found on a separate page.The Christian Bible consists of the Hebrew Scriptures, which have been called the Old Testament, and some later writings known as the New Testament. The original texts of the Bible were in Hebrew, although some portions were in Aramaic. There are several different ancient versions of the Bible in Hebrew, mostly differing by spelling, and the traditional Jewish version is based on the version known as Old Testament. The primary biblical text for early Christians was the Septuagint. In addition, they translated the Hebrew Bible into several other languages. Translations were made into Syria, Coptic, Greek, Latin, and other languages. The Latin translations were historically the most important in the West, while the Greekspeaking Countries continued to use the Septuagint translations of the Old Testament and retain the New Testament.The earliest Latin translation was the Old Latin text, or Vetus Latin, which seems to have been made by several authors over a period of time. The Bible translations for many languages have been made through the various influences of Catholicism, Orthodox, Protestant, especially since the Protestant Reformation. The Bible has seen a notably large number of English language translations. The work of The Bible translation continues, including by Christian organizations such as Wycliffe Bible Translators, New Tribes Missions and the Bible Societies. Of the world39。s 6,900 languages, 2,400 have some or the entire Bible, 1,600 (spoken by more than a billion people) has translation underway. The main formations of the BibleThe Bible as we know it today is divided into two main sections or collections of books called the Old Testament and the New Testament. The word 39。testament39。 literally means ‘something that serves as proof or a personal witness either verbally or written’. So these testaments are the writings of people and the recordings of events that serve as proof. The climax or pinnacle of the Bible is Jesus God39。s ing to earth as a man (incarnate). The Old Testament is the history of God39。s work through the nation of Israel (or the Hebrew people) to the world in preparation for Jesus. The New Testament is the witness of Jesus39。 ing life, teachings, work, and the ramifications of these to the people of that time and in the future till the end of time. The bible was written from 50 . or so and was pleted in the second century. The origins and formations of the Bible, Testaments, and books included are covered in detail in the specific Testament sections. The writers of the books of the Bible were just ordinary humans, but it is the historic Christian belief, that they wrote under the influences of the Holy Spirit, that is under 39。in