小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納(已修改)
2025-05-24 12:04 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法匯總一、時(shí)態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （1）表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情，通常用 “usually通常, often常常, every…每…, sometimes有時(shí)，always總是,”等詞。（2）基本結(jié)構(gòu)： I / You / We / TheyHe / She / It肯定句動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句don’t + 動(dòng)原doesn’t + 動(dòng)原一般疑問(wèn)句(Yes/No)Do… ? Yes, I do.Does…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?No,she doesn’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句What do …?How does she…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?(3) 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同）1一般情況+s如：walkwalks2.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾去y +iesflyflies3.結(jié)尾是 s, x， sh, ch+eswatchwatches4.特殊的dodoes ,havehas, gogoes2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),（1）表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常用“now現(xiàn)在, look看，linsen聽(tīng)”.（2）基本形式： be + 動(dòng)詞ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating. What are you doing? Is he reading?（3）動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式（動(dòng)詞+ing）一般情況 +ing walk—walking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的 ee + inge—ing重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+ingrunrunningswimswimming3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)（1） 表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用 “l(fā)ast …上一個(gè)…, just now剛才, a moment ago剛才， yesterday昨天”等詞。（2） be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式: am/is—was are—were （3）過(guò)去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句（Positive）動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式I went shopping last night.否定句(Negative)Didn’t + 動(dòng)詞原形I didn’t go shopping last night.一般疑問(wèn)句(Yes/No)Did …+ 動(dòng)詞原形…?Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑問(wèn)句(wh)What did…+ 動(dòng)詞原形…?What did you do last night?（4）詞過(guò)去式的變化：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：一般動(dòng)詞 +edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 +dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾y+ iedstudy—studied, cry cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edstop –stoppedplan planned不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptthinkthoughtdodidfindfoundsleepsleptbuyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremeanmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodeecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew4．一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與tomorrow, next Sunday等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to +動(dòng)詞原形或will +動(dòng)詞原形例如：I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.二、人稱代詞主格I weyouhesheitthey賓格me usyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyourshishersitstheris（注：介詞，動(dòng)詞后面跟賓格。后面沒(méi)有名詞時(shí)用名詞性物主代詞。）三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式： + s a book –books： y+ ies a story—stories, x，sh, ch ，結(jié)尾： + es a glass—glasses；a watchwatches： f 或fe 變?yōu)?ves a knife –knives a shelfshelvesmanmen, womanwomen, policemanpolicemen, policewomanpolicewomen, mousemicechildchildrenfootfeet,.toothteeth fishfish, peoplepeople, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese四、不可數(shù)名詞(沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式)bread, rice, water, juice，milk，tea，coffee 五、縮略形式I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is /he has(got)it’s = it is who’s =who is
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