信息工程—外文文獻(xiàn)及翻譯(英文譯文)(已修改)
2025-11-13 10:31 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 外文文獻(xiàn)原稿和譯文 原 稿 DATABASE A database may be defined as a collection interrelated data store together with as little redundancy as possible to serve one or more applications in an optimal fashion .the data are stored so that they are independent of programs which use the data .A mon and controlled approach is used in adding new data and in modifying and retrieving existing data within the data base .One system is said to contain a collection of database if they are entirely separate in structure . A database may be designed for batch processing , realtime processing ,or inline processing .A data base system involves application program, DBMS, and database. THE INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS The term database is often to describe a collection of related files that is anized into an integrated structure that provides different people varied access to the same data. In many cases this resource is located in different files in different departments throughout the anization, often known only to the individuals who work with their specific portion of the total information. In these cases, the potential value of the information goes unrealized because a person in other departments who may need it does not know it or it cannot be accessed efficiently. In an attempt to anize their information resources and provide for timely and efficient access, many panies have implemented databases. A database is a collection of related data. By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning. For example, the names, telephone numbers, and addresses of all the people you know. You may have recorded this data in an indexed address book, or you may have stored it on a diskette using a personal puter and software such as DBASE Ⅲ or Lotus 123. This is a collection of related data with an implicit meaning and hence is a database. The above definition of database is quite general. For example, we may consider the collection of words that made up this page of text to be usually more restricted. A database has the following implicit properties: ? A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning. A random assortment of data cannot be referred to as a database. ? A database is designed, built, and populated with data for a specific purpose. It has an intended group of user and some preconceived applications in which these users are interested. ? A database represents some aspect of the real world, sometimes called the miniworld. Changes to the miniworld are reflected in the database. In other words, a database has some source from which data are derived, some degree of interaction with events in the real world, and an audience that is actively interested in the contents of the database. A database management system (DBMS) is posed of three major parts: (1) a storage subsystem that stores and retrieves data in files。 (2)a modeling and manipulation subsystem that provides the means with which to anize the data and to add, delete, maintain, and update the data。 and (3) an interface between the DBMS and its users. Several major trends are emerging that enhance the value and usefulness of database management systems. ? Managers who require more uptodate information to make effective decisions. ? Customers who demand increasingly sophisticated information services and more current information about the status of their orders, invoices, and accounts. ? Users who find that they can develop custom applicati
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