【正文】 摘 要大慶油田經(jīng)過幾十年的開發(fā)建設(shè)，目前已全面進入“雙高”(高采出程度、高含水率) 和產(chǎn)量總遞減階段，地面油氣集輸系統(tǒng)的負荷普遍下降，運行效率較低，系統(tǒng)能耗偏高。針對油田面臨的這種生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀，開展特高含水期原油集輸系統(tǒng)能量最優(yōu)利用研究，對于控制原油生產(chǎn)中能耗上升，降低原油生產(chǎn)成本，實現(xiàn)油田地面工程高效、低耗、有序調(diào)整和科學(xué)管理將起到重要作用。本文針對大慶油田集輸系統(tǒng)的實際情況，主要進行以下幾個方面的研究工作：(1)分析了集輸流程的結(jié)構(gòu)及工藝特點，將集輸系統(tǒng)分解為聯(lián)合站、轉(zhuǎn)油站、集輸管網(wǎng)等若干個子系統(tǒng)，分別建立了各子系統(tǒng)的能量平衡分析模型，給出了各子系統(tǒng)的效率分析方法；(2)根據(jù)集輸工藝特點，采用流體力學(xué)、工程熱力學(xué)等理論，給出了集輸系統(tǒng)效率計算方法；(3)采用 C.Net 平臺，開發(fā)完成了原油集輸系統(tǒng)效率和能耗分析的 Web 應(yīng)用程序，該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)集輸系統(tǒng)效率分析、運行現(xiàn)狀診斷、調(diào)整改造方案模擬等功能；(4)運用所開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)對測試區(qū)塊原油集輸系統(tǒng)效率和能耗分布狀況進行分析研究，找出系統(tǒng)用能存在的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)及節(jié)能潛力。 關(guān)鍵詞：C；Access；集輸；優(yōu)化；節(jié)能AbstractDaqing oilfield have already entered the stage of high recovery percent of reserves, high water cut and overall decline of production at the present time. And the load of oil and gas gathering and transferring system, which has lower operation efficiency and higher loss, is generally dropping. In view of the oilfield present situation, to control increasing energy consumption, reduce production cost, realize oilfield high efficiency and low loss and ordered adjusting and scientific management, the research on energy consumption analysis and optimized energy utilization of oil gathering and transferring system is necessary. The oil gathering and transportation system of Daqing Oilfield actual is studied in this paper, and the following four aspects are mainly involved: (1)The configuration and technological characteristics of oil gathering process are analyzed, and the whole system is divided into a set of sub systems which include central oil and gas treating station, booster station, gathering work and so on, then energy balance analysis models are established, methods of efficiency calculation are also presented respectively. (2)According to the research on heating mode, work pattern and pipeline number of oil gathering process, with the adoption of hydromechanics, engineering thermodynamics and other theories, methods of thermodynamic calculation of work system are concluded. (3) By using C . Net platform, a crude oil gathering and transportation system efficiency and energy consumption analysis of Web applications is programmed. It can realize oil gathering process of tree type blending water system efficiency analysis, diagnosing of present operation situation, project adjusting reform simulation and other functions. (4)Using the established software to analyze and study the distribution of efficiency and energy consumption of oil gathering and transferring system in the test area, and find out the weak point and energy saving potential of the system capacity.Key words: C 。Access。 gathering and transferring。 Optimization。 Energy saving。目 錄第 1 章 緒 論 ...................................................................................................................1 課題背景及意義 ..........................................................................................1 本文主要研究內(nèi)容 ......................................................................................2 開發(fā)工具介紹 ..............................................................................................2第 2 章 原油集輸系統(tǒng)效率計算方法 .............................................................................7 基本原理 ......................................................................................................7 集輸系統(tǒng)的能量平衡模型 ...........................................................................7 主要計算方法 .............................................................................................11第 3 章 系統(tǒng)詳細設(shè)計 ...................................................................................................16 總體設(shè)計思路 ............................................................................................16 系統(tǒng)功能模塊圖 ........................................................................................16 系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計 ........................................................................................18 系統(tǒng)程序流程圖 ........................................................................................22第 4 章 關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的實現(xiàn) ...............................................................................................23 上傳文件及連接數(shù)據(jù)庫 ............................................................................23 向數(shù)據(jù)庫中錄入監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù) ........................................................................24 RDLC 報表 ..................................................................................................25 EXCEL 數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出 ..........................................................................................28 柱狀圖顯示 ................................................................................................28第 5 章 系統(tǒng)運行與實例計算 .......................................................................................31 系統(tǒng)測試 ....................................................................................................31 運行結(jié)果展示 ............................................................................................32 實例計算 ....................................................................................................38結(jié) 論 ...............................................................................................................................39參考文獻 .........................................................................................................................40致 謝 ...............................................................................................................................41第 1 章 緒 論 時至今日，人類開發(fā)油田利用油氣資源的歷史已過百年，油田開發(fā)技術(shù)也得到了突飛猛進的發(fā)展。當(dāng)今全球的石油資源越來越緊缺，但是世界工業(yè)的發(fā)展對石油的依賴卻絲毫沒有減弱，在還沒有替代能源出現(xiàn)的情況下，提高油氣田的能量利用率迫在眉睫。中國經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展，使得對石油資源的消耗量日益增大，除了部分依賴石油進口以外，提高國內(nèi)油田的能量利用率也成為國家關(guān)注的重點。本文以大慶油田開發(fā)為背景，通過分析油氣集輸系統(tǒng)的效率和能耗，針對如何提高集輸系統(tǒng)的能量利用率進行了研究。 課題背景及意義大慶油田經(jīng)過近五十年的開發(fā)建設(shè)，目前已經(jīng)進入了特高含水期開發(fā)階段，油田地面各生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的負荷率普遍下降，運行效率降低，系統(tǒng)能耗升高。生產(chǎn)總井?dāng)?shù)逐年增加，總注水量和產(chǎn)液量的波動基本平穩(wěn)，使得噸油耗能逐年增加。據(jù)統(tǒng)計原油生產(chǎn)過程的能耗費用在原油生產(chǎn)成本中所占的比例已由“九五”初期的10%左右上升到目前的 20%以上，并且呈逐年上升趨勢。為落實國家“十一五”規(guī)劃中提出的“建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會” ， “積極開發(fā)和推廣資源節(jié)約、替代和循環(huán)利用技術(shù)”的方針政策，加快企業(yè)節(jié)能降耗的技術(shù)改造，并緩解今后