【正文】
初中英語分類練習(xí)——非謂語動詞非謂語動詞指的是在句中起名詞,形容詞或副詞作用的動詞形式,而不是作謂語的動詞形式。 動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞,分詞,動詞不定式。 Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 動名詞起名詞作用) Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ..分詞起形容詞作用) He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副詞作用)謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區(qū)別: 1) 謂語動詞在句中可單獨(dú)作謂語,而非謂語動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 瑪麗教我們英語。(teaches 動詞作謂語) Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. (to have a talk.... 不定式作狀語) 2) 謂語動詞受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制,而非謂語動詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。 Mike likes the pop music. (動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式) Lucy has nothing to do today。(do 用原形) 非謂語動詞的特征: 1 如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面須跟賓語。 Studying English is my favorite.(studying 后跟賓語) To help him is my duty. 幫助他是我的責(zé)任。(help 后跟賓語) 2 非謂語動詞可以帶有自己的狀語或邏輯主語。 Working under such a condition is terrible. (under such a condition 是 working 的狀語) It39。s too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. (for him 作不定式的邏輯主語)3 非謂語動詞仍有語態(tài)和時態(tài)的變化。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式) Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. (Seen from...是分詞的被動形式) 4 非謂語動詞在句中可以當(dāng)成名詞或者形容詞來使用。 Our ing made him happy.(ing 起名詞作用) There are two big swimming pools here. (swimming 起形容詞作用) 非謂語動詞的形式變化: 不定式 主 動 被 動 一 般 to write to be written 進(jìn) 行 to be writing完 成 to have written to have been written 完成進(jìn)行 to have been writing 現(xiàn) 在 分 詞 主 動 被 動 一 般 writing being writte